固定化反硝化菌去除水中硝酸盐氮的研究_谭佑铭

·371·环境与健康杂志2001年11月第18卷第6期JEnvironHealth,November2001,Vol.18,No.6【技术与方法】文章编号:1001_5914(2001)06_0371_03固定化反硝化菌去除水中硝酸盐氮的研究谭佑铭,罗启芳摘要目的研究固定化反硝化菌的反硝化特性及影响因素。方法将活性污泥置上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)反应器中驯化培养后,反硝化细菌数量增加约60倍,反硝化能力有较大提高。驯化污泥采用聚乙烯醇(PVA)作为包埋载体,添加适量活性炭粉末及海藻酸钠包埋固定后,做成固定化小球,用于处理不同条件下含一定浓度硝酸盐氮的水样。结果固定化细菌能利用外加有机物(甲醇)作为碳源进行反硝化作用,脱氮率与碳源的量有关。在一定范围内随着碳源量的增加,反硝化作用的启动及平均反硝化速率加快。当水样温度及pH值分别在5～35℃及6.0～9.0之间变化时,固定化反硝化菌能保持较高的活性,6h内脱氮率达到90%。当碳氮比(C/N)为3.5,水力停留时间(HRT)为4h时,脱氮率可达95.9%。结论当外加有机碳源充足时,固定化反硝化菌能有效去除水中的硝酸盐氮,且对水温及pH值的适应范围较宽。关键词硝酸盐;固定化细菌;反硝化;聚乙烯醇中图分类号:R123文献标识码:AStudyonRemovalofNitrateFromDrinkingWaterbyImmobilizedDenitrifyingBacteria.TANYou_ming,LUOQi_fang.Inst.ofEnviron.Medicine,TongjiMedicalSchool,HuazhongUniv.ofSci.＆Tech,Wuhan430030AbstractObjectiveTostudythecharacterandaffactingfactorsofdenitrificationofimmobilizeddenitrifyingbacteria.MethodsDenitrifyingbacteriawereculturedinapilotscaleupstreamanaerobicsludgeblanket(UASB)reactorwithbrewerywastedegradingsludgeasseed.Thecountofcultureddenifrifyingbacteriaincreased60times,anddenitrificationefficiencywereimprovedalso.Immobilizedbacteriatechnologywasemployedwithpolyvinylalco-holasentrapmentagentwhichwasmixedwithactivatedcarbonandsodiumalginateandmadeasimmobilizedsmallballbodiesfortreatingwatersampleswithdifferentconcentrationsofnitrateundervarioustreatmentconditions.Activatedcarbonandsodiumalginatewereaddedasadsorbentandcross_linkingreagentrespectively,whichcouldimprovethemechanicalstrengthofimmobilizedbacteria.ResultsNitratecouldberemovedeffective