Module 6 Crude OVHD Reliability-Chinese

InternalMaterialsCrudeUnitTrainingCrude&VacuumColumnOVHDReliability常减压塔顶可靠性常减压塔顶可靠性InternalMaterialsCrudeUnitTrainingProblemAreas问题区域HSRKeroDieselAGOLVGOHVGOV.BtmsButaneLSRPropaneCrudeOilDeEthanizerDePropanizerDeButanizerAtmsFractionatorrVacTowerFlashTwrFuelGasH2SAbsorberInternalMaterialsCrudeUnitTraining9MonthsonConventional9MonthsonConventionalChemistryChemistry9,14,19,22MonthsonLoSALT9,14,19,22MonthsonLoSALTWhatareGoodorBadBundles?什么是好的/差的管束InternalMaterialsCrudeUnitTrainingCorrosionPrecursors腐蚀前身物腐蚀前身物CorrosivesSpeciesinCrudeOil:原油中腐蚀性物种A.Inorganicchloridesalts无机氯化盐B.Sulfurcompounds硫化物C.Organicacids有机酸D.Organicchlorides有机氯E.CarbondioxideCO2F.OxygenOInternalMaterialsCrudeUnitTrainingNonExtractableChlorides不能脱除的氯化物不能脱除的氯化物•Canimpactthecrudeunitoverhead能够影响塔顶•OftenseendownstreamontheNaphthaHDSUnitwhereHClisproduced.经常在下游石脑油HDS装置看到HCl生成•Usecrudeblendingtolimitto1-2ppminthecrudecharge.采取原油调和以限制其在原油进料中的含量1-2ppm。InternalMaterialsCrudeUnitTrainingOxidizedSulphurSpecies氧化态硫种类Sulphite:亚硫酸盐SO2+H2O�H2SO3(acidcondensation)HS-+3/2O2�HSO3-�SO32-+H+(mostsevereatpH6–7)2H2S+SO2�3S+2H2O+O2�HSO32-+H+–Sulphate：硫酸盐2SO32-+O2�2SO42-(Slowreaction–Vacuum)–Thiosulphate硫代硫酸盐SO42-+S�S2O32-(pH>8.5–lessimportant)InternalMaterialsCrudeUnitTraining•H2Spresentincrudeoil–cancorrodeasH2SorreactwithoxygenandformSOxacidsH2S存在于原油中－－有腐蚀性、或与氧反应生成Sox酸SulfurCompounds硫化物硫化物