一体化生物脱氮技术研究进展
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2020-01-22 11:59:40
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CHEMICALINDUSTRYANDENGINEERINGPROGRESS2015年第34卷第10期·3762·化工进展一体化生物脱氮技术研究进展张宗和,郑平,厉巍,张萌(浙江大学环境工程系,浙江杭州310058)摘要:废水氨氮污染已成为环境领域的热点问题。针对废水氨氮污染,国际上研发了一批高效废水生物脱氮技术。本文将3种典型工艺——同步硝化-反硝化(SND)工艺、短程硝化-反硝化(SHARON)工艺、基于亚硝氮的全自养脱氮(CANON)工艺归类并命名为一体化生物脱氮技术,分别对其原理、特征、效能和应用进行了分析评述,以期为该技术的深度研发提供参考。总结了与传统脱氮技术相比,一体化生物脱氮技术具有工艺流程短、系统操作易、占地面积小、运行费用低等优势。其中以氨氧化菌和厌氧氨氧化菌等自养型微生物作为脱氮功能菌的一体化自养型生物脱氮工艺的研发将成为一体化生物脱氮技术的研究前沿,一体化自养型生物脱氮工艺的研发将集中于优质菌种的培育和反应器的优化。关键词:一体化生物脱氮;同步硝化-反硝化工艺;短程硝化-反硝化工艺;全自养脱氮工艺中图分类号:X701文献标志码:A文章编号:1000–6613(2015)10–3762–07DOI:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2015.10.037Researchprogressinintegrativebio-technologiesfornitrogenremovalZHANGZonghe,ZHENGPing,LIWei,ZHANGMeng(DepartmentofEnvironmentalEngineering,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou310058,Zhejiang,China)Abstract:Ammonianitrogenpollutionisoneofthemajorfactorsthatcausetheeutrophicationofwaterbodies.Forthisreason,ithasbecomeahotissueinthefieldofenvironmentalengineering.Aseriesofefficientbio-technologieshadbeendevelopedforremovingnitrogenfromammonia-containingwastewaters.Simultaneousnitrificationanddenitrification(SND)process,singlereactorforhighactivityammoniaremovalovernitrite(SHARON)process,andcompletelyautotrophicnitrogenremovalovernitrite(CANON)processaretypicalintegrativebiologicalnitrogenremovalprocesses.Inthisreview,principles,characteristics,performanceandapplicationsofthethreetypicalprocessesareanalyzedrespectivelytoprovidereferencesforthefurtherdevelopmentofthesetechnologies.Theintegrativebio-technologiesfornitrogenremovalpossesstheadvantagesofshorterprocesscycle,simpleroperation,lesslandrequirementandlowercost.Atpresent,theautotrophicintegrativenitrogenremovalprocessesbasedonammoniaoxidizingbacteriaandanammoxbacteriahavebecometheresearchfrontier,andthefurtherresearchshouldbefocusedoncultivatinghigh-qualityspeciesandtheoptimizationofreactor.Keywords:integrativebio-technologiesfornitrogenremoval;SNDprocess;SHARONprocess;CANONprocess《“十二五”节能减排综合性工作方案》和《节能减排“十二五”规划》实施后,氮素污染控制成为人们关注的焦点。根据《中国环境状况公报》[1],2013年我国氨氮排放量虽比上一年减少3.1%,但收稿日期:201
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