白腐真菌膜生物反应器对活性染料废水的脱色效果

白腐真菌膜生物反应器对活性染料废水的脱色效果朱勇,马丽华,戴兴春,黄民生,王忠华(华东师范大学环境科学系,上海200062)摘要:应用构建的合体式及分体式白腐真菌膜生物反应器,研究了在非灭菌环境下对活性艳红X-3B染料废水的脱色效果,并借助扫描电镜观察、分析了处理过程中生物膜的结构及其变化情况。结果表明,在非灭菌环境下,白腐真菌膜生物反应器能够有效降解活性艳红染料,2个反应器在起始阶段的脱色率上升迅速,对浓度为50mg/L的染料,处理时间为1d的脱色率可达65%左右,4d的脱色率>80%,脱色率随染料废水浓度的增高和处理时间的延长而降低。与此同时,白腐真菌生物膜出现了生物量下降、菌丝聚缩成团等受损现象。为保证白腐真菌在初始时就占有优势,所接种的白腐真菌需在经灭菌的培养基中长至菌丝球形成,同时在启动前应对反应器进行清洗和消毒。进水负荷过高及杂菌的感染是造成白腐真菌生物膜结构改变及脱色效果下降的主要原因,因此在运行中适当控制染料废水的浓度或适时停加染料废水并补充培养液,对修复白腐真菌生物膜的结构及降解功能是十分必要的。基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(50278034)关键词:白腐真菌;膜生物反应器;染料废水;脱色;生物膜;扫描电镜中图分类号:X703文献标识码:A文章编号:1000-4602(2007)15-0038-05DecolorizingEffectofReactiveDyeingWastewaterbyMembraneBioreac2torUsingWhiteRotFungiZHUYong,MALi2hua,DAIXing2chun,HUANGMin2sheng,WANGZhong2hua(DepartmentofEnvironmentalScience,EastChinaNormalUniversity,Shanghai200062,China)Abstract:Separateandintegratedmembranebioreactorsusingwhiterotfungiwereusedtoinvesti2gatethedecolorizingeffectofreactivebrilliantredX23Bundernon2sterilecondition,andthemicro2struc2tureandvariationofthebiofilmduringthetreatmentwereobservedandanalyzedbyscanningelectronmi2croscope(SEM).TheresultsshowthatthefungalMBRiseffectiveindecolorizationofthedyesundernon2sterilecondition.Thedecolorizationrateishighintheinitialstages.ForX23Bof50mg/L,thetwofungalMBRscandecolorizeabout65%ofdyein1day,andmorethan80%in4days.Thedecoloriza2tionratedecreaseswithincreasesindyeconcentrationandretentiontime.Meanwhile,thewhiterotfungibiofilmexperiencesadecreaseinbiomass.Toensureastablesourceofwhiterotfungiintheinitialstageforbetterdyedecolorization,thePhanerochaetechrysosporiumshouldbeincubatedinthesterilizedcul2turemediumforseveraldaysandthebioreactorsalsoneedtobewashedanddisinfected.Thehighdyeloadingandmicrobialcontaminationarethetwomajorfactorsthataffectthebiofilmstructureandthede2colorizingcapabilityofPhanerochaetechrysosporium.Inpractice,loweringthedyeconcentration,stop2pingtheinfluentandaddingculturemediumattheappropriatetimearenecessarytorecoverthebiofilm·83·第23卷第15期2007年8月中国给水排水CHINAWATER&WASTEWATERVol.23No.1