几种植物浸提液对铜绿微囊藻的抑制作用及抑藻

几种植物浸提液对铜绿微囊藻的抑制作用及抑藻特性汪瑾，杜明勇，于玉凤，卢亚萍*(南京农业大学生命科学学院生物学教学实验中心，江苏南京210095)摘要摘要：从几种常见农作物材料，包括大麦秆、小麦秆、水稻秆、大豆杆、大豆荚、油菜杆、玉米秆和茶叶中进行筛选，检测它们在灭菌前后的抑藻效果以及抑藻特性。结果表明：大麦秆、水稻秆、大豆杆、大豆荚和茶叶浸提液对铜绿微囊藻生长都有明显的抑制效果，但灭菌后大麦秆、水稻秆、大豆杆和大豆荚的抑藻效果大大下降，均低于50%。茶叶浸提液在灭菌前、后的抑藻效果一样，而且低浓度的茶叶具有持续而良好的抑藻效果。不同品种的茶叶均具有良好的抑藻效果，对于初始浓度为106·mL-1的铜绿微囊藻培养液，6种绿茶的抑藻效果都接近100%，红茶的抑藻效果低于绿茶。放置两年的陈旧茶叶也具有很好的抑藻效果，12天时0.1g·L-1的茶叶浸提液的抑藻率为43%，0.2g·L-1茶叶浸提液的抑藻率为92%，0.4g·L-1以上浓度浸提液的抑藻率接近100%。茶叶浸提液对微囊藻的抑制效果明显优于其他蓝藻和绿藻。结论：富含多酚的茶叶浸提液是一种安全高效的有害蓝藻抑制剂。关键词关键词：铜绿微囊藻；茶叶；浸提液；秸秆；抑藻；抑藻剂1中图分类号中图分类号：Q89文献文献标志码：A文章编号文章编号：CharacterizationoftheinhibitioneffectofplantextractsonMicrocystisaeruginosaWANGJin,DUMingyong,YUYufeng,LUYaping*(BiologicalExperimentTeachingCenter,CollegeofLifeSciences,NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,Nanjing210095,China）Abstract:Eightkindsofplantmaterials,includingbarleystraw,wheatstraw,ricestraw,soybeanpod,soybeanstalk,colestalk,cornstrawandtea,wereexaminedtodeterminetheiralgalinhibitoryeffectsonMicrocystisaeruginosa.Theinhibitoryeffectsofsterilizedplantextractswerecomparedwiththoseoftheunsterilizedextracts.Theinhibitorycharacteristicsofteaextractwasexamined.Theresultshowedthatmostoftheplantextractscoulddecreasethenumberofcyanobacteriacomparedtothecontrol,inwhichbarley,rice,soybeanmaterialsandteahadhighefficiency.Theinhibitoryrateoffilter-steriledextractsofcropstalksdecreasedsignificantlyincomparisontotheunsteriledextracts.Butthesteriledextractofteahadalmostthesameinhibitoryefficiencyastheunsteriledone.Moreover,theteaextractatlowconcentrationhadasustainingandsteadyinhibitoryfunction.AllkindsofteaexaminedcouldcontrolthegrowthofM.aeruginosa.Theinhibitoryrateofgreenteaextractwasnearly100%withlittledistinctionbetweenthedifferentspecies,whichwashigherthanthatofblacktea.Inaddition,theteaof2-yearstoragealsohadhighinhibitoryrate,whichwas43%at0.1g·L-1drytea,92%at0.2g·L-1and100%at0.4g·L-1aftera12-dayculture.TeaextracthadmuchhigherinhibitoryrateonMicrocystisthanonotheralgae.1收稿日期收稿日期：2013-12-24基金项目基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(31300644)；江苏省博士后基金项目(1