生活污水中公厕粪水处理的卫生指标检测研究_毛羽

生活污水中公厕粪水处理的卫生指标检测研究毛羽1,杨骥颖2,刘士清1＊,许玲1,宋洪川1,张有刚1,孙传伯1(1.云南师范大学能源与环境科学学院,云南昆明650092;2.云南广播电视大学教务处,云南昆明650223)摘要[目的]分析公厕污水处理过程中的卫生指标检测菌。[方法]从云南师范大学公共厕所的化粪池内多点随机取样,采用滞留期为32d的水压式厌氧-自然曝气处理系统处理公厕污水,测定进出水样的粪大肠菌群和总菌数。[结果]公厕污水中的粪大肠菌群经3级连续厌氧处理后,能去除99.03%,达到粪便无害化去除率的GB7959-87卫生标准。厌氧消化处理过程的滞留时间与细菌总量关系不明显,说明水压式厌氧发酵处理可较好地杀灭粪大肠菌群,降低细菌总数。粪大肠菌群经连续厌氧处理后,分离菌落在平板上的颜色变浅,亦说明厌氧发酵条件降低了有害菌的有害性。[结论]厕所污水经处理后可作为城市绿化浇灌用水,以缓解水资源的紧张,但应加强对处理过程监管,避免二次污染。关键词生活污水;厌氧发酵;卫生指标;粪大肠菌群;总菌数中图分类号X703文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2009)22-10650-03StudyonDetectingtheHygienicIndexesinProcessingManureWaterfromPublicToiletsofDomesticSewageMAOYuetal(CollegeofEnergyandEnvironmentScience,YunnanNormalUniversity,Kunming,Yunnan650092)Abstract[Objective]Thestudyaimedtoanalyzethedetectionbacteriaofhygienicindexesintheprocessprocedureofwastewaterfrompub-lictoilets.[Method]ThesampleswerecollectedrandomlyfrommanysitesinthesepticbanksofpublictoiletsofYunnanNormalUniversity.Thewastewaterfrompublictoiletswasprocessedbyhydrostaticanaerobic-naturalaerationprocessingsystemwithretentiontimeof32d.Thefecalcoliformandtotalamountofbacteriainintakenanddischargedwatersamplesweremeasured.[Result]Thefecalcoliforminthewastewaterfrompublictoiletscouldberemovedby99.03%throughthree-gradecontinuousanaerobicprocess,itreachedthehygienicstand-ardGB7959-87forremovalrateinfecalinnocence.Thecorrelationbetweenretentiontimeofprocessingprocedureofanaerobicdigestionandtotalamountofbacteriawasnotobvious,indicatingthatthehydrostaticanaerobicfermentationprocesscouldkillfecalcoliformbetterandre-ducethetotalamountofbacteria.Afterthefecalcoliformwasprocessedbycontinuousanaerobicprocessing,thecolorofisolatedcoloniesonplatebecamelighter,alsoindicatingthattheanaerobicfermentationreducedtheharmfulnessofharmfulbacteria.[Conclusion]Theprocessedwastewaterfromtoiletscouldbeusedasirrigationwaterinurbangreeningsoastorelievethestressofwaterresources,butthesupervisiononprocessingprocedureshouldbeenhancedtoavoidsecondarypollution.KeywordsDomesticsewage;Anaerobicfermentation;Hygienici