全尺寸厌氧生物反应器中的颗粒污泥_ 微量元素含量及不足

M.H.Zandvoortetal./EnzymeandMicrobialTechnology39(2006)337–346341Table4Averagespecificmethanogenicactivity(mgCH4gVSS−1d−1)withacetateasthesubstrate,theobservedlag-phase(h)andthetime(h)afterstartoftheexperimentafterwhichmaximumactivitywasobservedNedalcoEerbeekHoogeveenHeinekenActLagMaxActLagMaxActLagMaxActLagMaxNometals6395296180102911360219118560775Allmetals6555297n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.115580775Allmetals+1�MCon.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.150560729Allmetals+5�MCo6413075n.d.n.d.n.d.10960204184234409Nometals+5�MCo617a3074195103010660219n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.notdetermined;Heinekenallmetals+1�Mcobaltaverageof109and191mggVSS−1d−1.aResultofonemeasurement.Fig.3.Cumulativemethaneproduction(mgCH4-COD)andmethaneproductionrate(mgCH4-CODl−1h−1)curvewithacetateasthesubstrate.(a)Nometals;(b)allmetals,nocobalt;(c)allmetals+1�Mcobalt;(d)allmetals+5�M;(e)nometal+5�Mcobalt.exceptcobalt.Thisindicatesthatthelag-phasewasshortenedbythepresenceofcobalt.Similarly,areducedlag-phasewasobservedfortheHeinekensludge,thisreductionwasevenmorepronouncedthanfortheNedalcosludge(Fig.3).Theabsenceofallmetalsorthepres-enceofallmetalsexceptcobaltdidnotreducethelag-phaseoftheHeinekensludge,eveninthepresenceofallmetalsinclud-ing1�Mofcobalt,thelag-phasewassimilar(560h).However,inthepresenceof5�Mcobaltthelag-phasewasconsiderablyreducedto234h(Table4,Fig.3).Notonlywasthelag-phaseshorter,alsotheSMAoftheHeinekensludgewashigherinthepresenceof5�Mcobalt,184mgCH4-CODgVSS−1d−1comparedto115mgCH4-CODgVSS−1d−1inthepresenceofallmetalsexceptcobalt(Table4).Thelonglag-phaseoftheHeinekensludgeindicatesthatanactiveacetotrophicpopulationwasabsentinthatsludge,incontrasttotheEerbeekandNedalcosludgeinwhich,consid-eringtherelativelyshortlag-phase(52h),anactiveacetotrophicmethanogenicpopulationwasclearlypresent.TheHoogeveenandNedalcosludgewerefedacetateasecondtime.Thisdidnotresultindifferencesinmethaneproductionrateforthedifferentmetalconditions(datanotshown).3.2.3.H2/CO2ThemaximumSMAaswellasthelagphasewithhydro-genasthesubstrat