对硝基苯酚冲击对UASB反应器中污泥活性和微生物种群的影响_梅琴

对硝基苯酚冲击对UASB反应器中污泥活性和微生物种群的影响＊梅琴高国庆虞方伯刘连成沈标＊＊(南京农业大学农业部环境微生物工程重点开放实验室南京210095)摘要:研究了在稳定运行的上流式厌氧污泥床(UpflowAnaerobicSludgeBlanket,UASB)反应器中,对硝基苯酚(p-NP)冲击对反应器活性的影响。采用PCR-DGGE技术监测了反应器受对硝基苯酚冲击后微生物种群多样性的变化。实验结果表明,p-NP冲击对污泥的产甲烷活性和COD去除活性均有严重的抑制,污泥活性的恢复需要较长时间;高浓度冲击比低浓度冲击产生更严重的影响,20mgL和40mgLp-NP冲击后污泥活性的恢复期分别为16d和27d。p-NP冲击后,真细菌和古菌的多样性均发生了显著的变化,而且p-NP冲击对真细菌的影响大于对古菌的影响。p-NP冲击后甲烷产量下降的主要与Methanosaetasp.的活性下降以及Methanomicrobiasp.丰度的下降有关。而冲击后真细菌的主要变化表现为Chloroflexisp.、Bacteroidesp.和Anaerovibriosp.的丰度均下降;Rheinheimerasp.在受到20mgLp-NP冲击时丰度下降,继续受到40mgLp-NP冲击时该种群消失。Flavobacteriasp.是p-NP冲击后新出现的细菌种群,可能与p-NP的降解有关。关键词:对硝基苯酚冲击,微生物种群多样性,污泥活性中图分类号:Q939.9文献标识码:A文章编号:0253-2654(2007)06-1123-06Effectofp-nitrophenolShockonSludgeActivityandMicrobialPopulationsandinUASBReactor＊MEIQinGAOGuo-QingYUFang-BoLIULian-ChengSHENBiao＊＊(NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,EnvironmentMicrobiologyKeyandOpenLaboratoryofDepartmentofAgriculture,Nanjing210095)Abstract:Effectofp-nitrophenolshockonmicrobialpopulationsandsludgeactivityinUASBreactorwasstudiedbyDGGE-PCRof16SrDNAfragmentsanddetectionofCODremovingandbiogasyield.Theresultsshowedthatp-nitrophenolseriouslyinhibitedthesludgeactivity,resultinginthedropofbiogasandCODremovingrate.The40mgLp-nitrophenolhadmoreinhibitionthan20mgLp-nitrophenol.Itwouldtake27and16daysrespectivelyforreactortorecoverafter40mgLand20mgLp-nitrophenolshock.Thediversityofeubacteriaandmethanogenswerealsoeffectedbythep-nitrophenolshock.Thevariationofeubacteriawasmorethanthatofmethanogensafterp-nitrophenolshock.ThedropofbiogaswasmainlyrelatedtothevariationofMethanosaetasp.andMethanomicrobiasp.afterp-nitrophenolshock.AmongtheeubacteriathepopulationofChloroflexisp.、Bacteroidesp.andAnaerovibriosp.decreasedgreatlyafterp-nitrophenolshock.Andmore,theRheinheimeraspdisappearedafter40mgLp-NPtreatment.ButtheFlavobacteriasp.appearedafterp-nitrophenolshock,whichwasprobablyrelatedtothedegradationofp-NP.Keywords:p-nitrophenolshock,Bacteriapopulationsdiversity,Sludgeactivity.＊国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.50308011)＊＊通讯作者Tel:025-8439