上向流曝气生物滤池水头损失沿程分布与动态特性

第5卷第9期环境工程学报Vol．5，No．92011年9月ChineseJournalofEnvironmentalEngineeringSep．2011上向流曝气生物滤池水头损失沿程分布与动态特性邱立平1王广伟1张守彬1，2陈京英1刘永正1(1.济南大学土木建筑学院，济南250022;2.哈尔滨工业大学市政与环境工程学院，哈尔滨150090)摘要对比考察了天然斜发沸石、页岩陶粒和石灰岩碎石填料曝气生物滤池的水头损失增长规律，分析了3种滤池水头损失的空间分布特征和动态变化特性，探讨了截留固体累积量对水头损失发展的影响规律。结果表明，沸石、陶粒和石灰岩曝气生物滤池均具有较好的有机物和SS沿程去除能力，并与水头损失的沿程分布密切相关;滤池内部TSS的沿程变化趋势和水头损失沿程分布趋势基本一致;曝气生物滤池的水头损失随着反应器运行时间的延长而缓慢增加，当滤床内TSS积累量增加到一定程度时，气体的滤床驻留率增加，并与TSS积累协同作用，滤床局部孔隙率迅速下降，水头损失迅速越升。曝气生物滤池的反冲洗首先应着眼于解决滤床的局部孔隙率过低问题，然后以气洗促进颗粒碰撞，气水联合提高剪切力，最后水漂洗排出TSS和气泡。关键词曝气生物滤池水头损失沿程分布动态特性中图分类号X703.1文献标识码A文章编号1673-9108(2011)09-1921-05HeadlossprofileanddynamiccharacteristicsinupflowbiologicalaeratedfilterQiuLiping1WangGuangwei1ZhangShoubin1，2ChenJingying1LiuYongzheng1(1．SchoolofCivilEngineeringandArchitecture，UniversityofJinan，Jinan250022，China;2．SchoolofMunicipalandEnvironmentalEngineering，HarbinInstituteofTechnology，Harbin150090，China)AbstractHeadlossdevelopmentinthreebiologicalaeratedfilterswithzeolite，ceramicparticleandcar-bonate，respectively，wereinvestigatedinthispaper．Theprofileanddynamiccharacteristicsofheadlossdevel-opmentandtheinfluenceofsolidaccumulationontheheadlossdevelopmentwerealsoconsidered．PromisingCODandSSremovalperformancewereobservedinthethreefilters，andthatwererelevanttotheheadlosspro-file．ThevariationtendencyofTSSinthefilterwasalsoinaccordwiththatofheadlossprofile．TheheadlossinBAFincreasedslowlywithfilteroperation．ThegasholdupinthefilterbedincreasedwithTSSincreasingandcouldacceleratetheheadlossdevelopment．WhenTSSincreasedtoacertainextent，thegasholdupincreasedquickly，porosityratiooffilterbeddecreasedandheadlossascendedsuddenly．Itwassuggestedthattheback-washingofBAFshouldbecarriedouttorecoverbedporosityratioinsomelocationfirstly．Thegaswashingcouldpromotethecollisionofgranularmedia，andthentoenhancetheshearingforcebygasandwaterwashing，finallyrinsedwithwatertodischargeTSSandgas．Keywordsbiologicalaeratedfilter(BAF);headloss;profile;dynamiccharacteristics基金项目:国家“水体污染控制与治理”科技重大专项(2009ZX07424-006);国家自然科学基金资助项目(50978121)收