UASB_O_A_O组合工艺对规模化养猪场废水的生物脱氮除磷研究_夏宏生

第36卷第1期2018年1月环境工程EnvironmentalEngineeringVol．36No．1Jan．2018UASB-O/A/O组合工艺对规模化养猪场废水的生物脱氮除磷研究*夏宏生1陈师楚2(1.广东水利水电职业技术学院，广州510635;2.佛山市弘骏水处理设备有限公司，广东佛山528225)摘要:为了高效实现猪场养殖废水生物脱氮除磷，报道了一种新型生物处理工艺，即上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)－好氧/缺氧/好氧。结果表明:该工艺能够有效地去除猪场养殖废水中的化学需氧量(COD)、总氮和总磷，出水满足GB18596—2001《畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准》。UASB段对COD去除率为80%左右，而对氨氮和总磷的去除无贡献。第1段好氧段去除总磷的效率为88.2%。缺氧区NO－2－N和NO－3－N的去除率分别高达96.6%和97.3%。将30%原水直接加入缺氧段可解决缺氧段进水碳源不足的问题，达到了良好的生物脱氮效果。微生物种群结构分析表明，Betaproteobacteria是反应体系中组分最多的功能微生物，其最大比例约占63%。关键词:猪场养殖废水;脱氮除磷;UASB;微生物种群DOI:10.13205/j．hjgc．201801003BIOLOGICALNITＲOGENANDPHOSPHOＲUSＲEMOVALFＲOMLAＲGESCALEPIGGEＲYWASTEWATEＲBYUASB-O/A/OCOMBINEDPＲOCESSXIAHong-sheng1，CHENShi-chu2(1.GuangdongTechnicalCollegeofWaterＲesourcesandElectricEngineering，Guangzhou510635，China;2.FoshanHongjunWaterTreatmentEquipmentCo．，Ltd，Foshan528225，China)Abstract:Inordertoeffectivelyrealizethebiologicalnitrogenandphosphorusremovalfrompiggerywastewater，anewtypeofbiologicaltreatmentprocess，namelyupflowanaerobicsludgebed(UASB)-aerobic/anoxic/aerobic，wasproposed．Theresultsshowedthattheprocesscouldeffectivelyremovechemicaloxygendemand(COD)，totalnitrogenandtotalphosphorusinthepigfarmwastewater，andtheeffluentmetthe“EmissionStandardforLivestockandPoultryBreedingIndustry”(GB18596—2001)．FurtherstudyfoundthattheUASBstageachievedCODremovalrateofabout80%，whiledidnotcontributetotheremovalofammoniaandtotalphosphorus．Theremovalefficiencyoftotalphosphorusinthefirstaerobicstagewas88.2%atthefirstaerobicphase．TheremovalefficienciesofNO－2－NandNO－3－Nintheanoxiczonewere96.6%and97.3%，respectively．Adding30%oftherawwaterintotheanoxicstagedirectlysolvedtheproblemofinsufficientcarbonsourceandachievedahigherbiologicalnitrogenremoval．MicrobialpopulationanalysisshowedthatBetaproteobacteriawasthemostfunctionalmicrobesinthereactionsystem，withamaximumproportionofabout63%．Keywords:pigfarmwastewater;nitrogenandphosphorusremoval;UASB;microbialpopulation*广东省水利科技创新项目(2016-05)。收稿日期:2017－06－120引言畜禽养殖是我国重要的经济支柱，据报道我国规模化的养殖场已达到1400多个，畜禽养殖业产值已超过1.4亿元，占农业产值的34%［1］。然而近年