4种浮床植物吸收湖泊水体氮磷能力试验研究

1641[15][6]``58.749.1[7]``1`1251`325`kg/hm2a200233WuJianqiangWangMinWuJian(ShanghaiAcademyofEnvironmentalSciences,Shanghai200233)```````````````AbstractBytakingCannaindica,Irispseudacorus,ThaliadealbataandLythrumsalicariaasobjectstosetupanexperimentalinstallationofplantfloating-bedfortestingtheeutrophicationpreventionofDianshanLakeinShanghai,thegrowthcharacteristicsandnutrientuptakeabilitiesofthosefourcommonplantswerestudied.Ithasshownthatusingupperandlowernylonnetstofixtheplantsonfloating-bedcouldbebeneficialforthemtogrowandreproducerapidly.ThereproductionabilitiesandsurvivalratesofCannaindicaandThaliadealbataweresuperiortothatofIrispseudacorusandLythrumsalicaria,whilsttillersoftheformertwoplantsamountedto64and78onesinNovember,respectively,andtheirharvestbiomass(freshweight)increasedto364and585timesthatwhentransplanted,respectively.Thedifferenceofnitrogenandphosphorusaccumulationinplantswasmainlyinlinewiththedifferenceinplantbiomass.ThenutrientuptakeabilitiesofCannaindicaandThaliadealbataweresignificantlyhigherthanthatofIrispseudacorusandLythrumsalicaria,andthedistributionsofnitrogenandphosphorusintheformertwoplantswerebothmoreintheirstemsandleavesthaninroots.Thaliadealbatahadthebestnitrogenuptakeabilityupto457.11gramspersquaremetreareawhenharvested,whilstCannaindicahadthebestphosphorusuptakeabilityupto41.29gramspersquaremetrearea.Therefore,CannaindicaandThaliadealbatacouldbeextensivelyusedassuitablefloating-bedplantsforpreventingeutrophi-cationinDianshanLake.Keywords:Floating-bedPlantsNitrogenPhosphorusUptakeability08DZ12031061977`2005`165450600`kg/hm2a[8]`3``30``85[9]`[10]``4``29.1``32.1`311054311124`12053181205854`16.1`7``27.8`1``3.1`234`d`1`104`mmNH4+N2.580.78mg/LTN11.151.21mg/LTP1.010.23mg/LCOD28.432.23mg/LSS46.4333.26mg/L`4`2.1CannaindicaIrispseudacorusThaliadealbataLythrumsalicaria4`2.2`1.8``m2``200m`90m109``18m`3m`15``3m`1.2m`32110mmPVC``100`mm100mm`10`mm10mm`10`/`m2`12.3``2009``4`11``5``105`3`h`80`18``Skalar`3.14``24`8`6``8``12``20``8``10``57``11``78`1`2`3