几种粘土矿物和粘土对溶液中磷的吸附效果_袁东海

农村生态环境2004,20(4):1-5RuralEco-Environment几种粘土矿物和粘土对溶液中磷的吸附效果袁东海1,高士祥1,景丽洁2,尹大强1①,王连生1①(1.南京大学污染控制与资源化国家重点实验室,江苏南京210093;2.吉林化工学院环境科学系,吉林吉林132022)摘要:通过磷等温吸附与饱和吸附后释放试验,研究了高岭土、蒙脱土、凹凸棒土、蛭石和沸石对溶液中磷的吸附效果及其影响因素。结果表明,蛭石磷理论饱和吸附量最大,为3473mg·kg-1,其他依次为凹凸棒土、黄褐土、蒙脱土、下蜀黄土和沸石,高岭土磷理论饱和吸附量最低,为554mg·kg-1。影响粘土矿物和粘土磷理论饱和吸附量的主要因素是钙含量和胶体氧化铁及氧化铝的含量,pH值、阳离子交换量和比表面对磷理论饱和吸附量影响不大,粘土矿物和粘土吸附磷的机制主要为化学吸附。粘土矿物和粘土磷饱和吸附后释放试验表明其磷释放量很低。关键词:粘土矿物;粘土;磷;吸附;净化中图分类号:X793;X703;S153文献标识码:A文章编号:1001-5906(2004)04-0060-04Phosphorusadsorptionofsomeclaymineralsandsoils.YUANDong-hai1,GAOShi-xiang1,JINGLi-jie2,YINDa-qiang1,WANGLian-sheng1(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofPollutantControlandResourcesReuse,NanjingUniversity,Nanjing210093,Chi-na;2.DepartmentofEnvironmentalScience,JilinInstituteofChemicalTechnology,Jilin132022,China).RuralEco-Environ-ment,2004,20(4):60-63,72Abstract:Phosphorusadsorptionofkaolinite,montmorillonite,attapulgite,vermiculiteandzeoliteandtheiraffectingfactorswerestudiedthroughexperimentonisothermPadsorptionandpost-saturation-adsorptionPrelease.Resultsshowthatvermiculiteisthe-oreticallythehighestinPsaturationadsorptioncapacity,being3473mg·kg-1andfollowedbyattapulgite,yellowcinnamonsoil,montmorilloniteandXiashuloess,zeoliteandkaolinite.ThelastisthelowestintheoreticPsaturationadsorptioncapacity,lingeringat554mg·kg-1.ThePadsorptioncapacityoftheseclaymineralsandsoilswasmainlyinfluencedbytheircontentsofreactiveCa,FeandAl,butitwasnotmuchaffectedbysoilpHvalue,CECandspecificsurfaceoftheclaymineralsandsoils,becausethemainmechanismoftheadsorptionischemicalsorption.Meanwhileanotherexperimentondesorptionofphosphorusfromtheseclaymineralsandsoilssaturatedwithphosphoruswasalsoconducted.ResultsshowthatPreleasefromtheclaymineralsandsoilsafterPsaturationadsorptionwasverylimited.Keywords:claymineral;claysoil;phosphorus;adsorption;purification粘土矿物和粘土是我国重要的非金属矿资源,近些年来,由于粘土矿物和粘土具有优越的表面性能和电化学性质,在环境保护和污染物净化处理技术中得到广泛应用[1]。一些研究者应用粘土矿物吸附废水中的铵氮以及重金属离子,取得较好的净化效果[2-9]。此外针对特定的污染物,用改性的粘土矿物进行净化处理,也取得较好效果[10-13]。对于粘土矿物和粘土净化处理污水中磷污染物的研究,目前报