太湖藻类水平漂移特征及其影响因素

J．LakeSci．(湖泊科学)，2014，26(3):358-364http://www．jlakes．org．E-mail:jlakes@niglas．ac．cn2014byJournalofLakeSciences太湖藻类水平漂移特征及其影响因素*邓建才1，刘鑫1，张洪梅1，陈方2，徐彬2，沈爱春2(1:中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室，南京210008)(2:太湖流域管理局水文水资源监测中心，无锡214024)摘要:采用原位观测平台，研究分析了太湖竺山湾风速、湖流流速、波高以及藻类水平漂移特征及其影响因素，结果表明日间藻类水平漂移速率呈锯齿式交替特征，日内藻类水平漂移速率变化幅度大;藻类水平漂移速率与风速之间呈显著线性正相关;当0．02m＜有效波高＜0．1m时，藻类水平漂移速率与有效波高呈显著线性负相关，当有效波高＞0．1m时，波浪会显著改变藻类运动方式，破坏藻类表层聚集形态;湖流对藻类水平漂移速率无显著性影响;藻类水平漂移方向受湖流流向和风向的共同作用;藻类水平漂移速率与风速、波高、湖流流速间关系可用多元线性方程表达，且拟合度良好，可为藻类水华预测模型构建提供依据．关键词:太湖;原位观测;漂移速率;影响因素;竺山湾CharacteristicsandimpactfactorsofalgalhorizontaldriftinginLakeTaihuDENGJiancai1，LIUXin1，ZHANGHongmei1，CHENFang2，XUBin2＆SHENAichun2(1:StateKeyLaboratoryofLakeScienceandEnvironment，NanjingInstituteofGeographyandLimnology，ChineseAcademyofSciences，Nanjing210008，P．Ｒ．China)(2:TaihuHydrologyandＲesourcesSurveyBureau，Wuxi214024，P．Ｒ．China)Abstract:In-situobservationplatformwasusedtoinvestigateimpactsofwindspeed，lakecurrentandsignificantwaveheight(SWH)onalgalhorizontaldriftingvelocityinZhushanBay，LakeTaihu．Ｒesultsshowedthatalgaldriftingrateondifferentobser-vationdayswasalternatingzigzag-typecharacteristics，andthentheamplitudeofalgaedriftingvelocitywithinonedaybecameobvi-ouslydifferent．Asignificantpositivelinearcorrelationbetweenalgaldriftingvelocityandwindspeedwasobserved．WhenSWHsarewithintherangeof0．02mand0．1m，therewasadramaticallynegativelinearcorrelationbetweenalgaldriftingrateandSWHs;whenSWHswerelargerthan0．1m，wavecouldmarkedlychangealgaedriftingpatternsanddestroyalgaetabletlayers．Lakecurrenthadinsignificanteffectonthealgaldriftingrates，althoughthedirectionofalgaltransportwasregulatedbythedirec-tionsoflakecurrentandwind．Therelationshipsbetweenalgaehorizontaldriftingratesandwindspeeds，SWHsandlakeflowmaybeexpressedbyamultiplelinearequationwiththegoodnessoffit，whichprovidedatheoreticalbasisfortheconstructionofalgalbloompredictionmodel．Keywords:LakeTaihu;in-situobservation;driftingvelocity;impactfactors;ZhushanBay大多数水华藻类具有伪空胞［1］，通过浮力调节作用，实现在水体垂向的移动［2］．在静风