无拆卸轴承刚度测试方法的研究

第34卷第4期2014年8月噪声与振动控制N0ISEANDVIBRAT10NCONTROLV．0134NO．4Aug．2014文章编号：1006-1355(2014)04—0128．06无拆卸轴承刚度测试方法的研究蒋爱华，符栋梁，代学昌，周璞，华宏星(1．中国船舶重工集团公司第704研究所，上海200031；2．上海交通大学机械系统振动国家重点实验室，上海200240)摘要：轴承刚度对轴系振动有重要影响，研究无拆卸轴承刚度测试方法有利于快速可靠地了解轴系的振动特性。通过机架安装隔振器、泵进出口安装波纹管、电机与泵转子间采用电磁联轴器等结构措施；构建了离心泵转子．滚动轴承的试验台架。以光电传感器安装位置为转轴相位参考，通过转轴振动位移峰值识别出轴承截面轴系等效偏心质量的相位。通过附加质量于等效偏心质量相位产生激振力，并运用LabvIEw构建的虚拟仪器测量附加质量前、后振动位移峰值变化量，从而得出轴承刚度。最后通过台架实际配置与转子模型进行了验证。结果表明，轴承刚度无拆卸测试方法有效可行，设计的试验台架可实现附加配重的安装，并能够有效地予以验证；所构建的虚拟仪器也能够准确计算得出转轴偏心质量相位与轴承支撑刚度。关键词：振动与波；滚动轴承；刚度；无拆卸；光电传感器；离心泵中图分类号：TB53文献标识码：ADOI编码：10．3969~．issn．1006．1335．2014．04．028StudyonMeasurementMethodofBearingStifnesswithoutDisassemblingJIANGAi-hua1,27FUDong-liang17DAIXu—chang17ZHOUPu17HuaHong-xing(1．704RsearchInstitution，ChinaShipbuildingIndustryCorporation，Shanghai200031，China；2．StateKeyLaboratoryofMechanicalSystemandVibration，ShanghaiJiaotongUniversity,Shanghai200240，China)A~lxaet：Bearingstiffnesshassignificantinfluenceonshaftvibration．Studyonthemeasurementmethodofbearingstifnesswithoutdisassemblyisbeneficialforobtainingtheshaftvibrationefectivelyandreliably~Aworkbenchwithacentrifugalpumprotorandrollingbearingsismadebyinstallingvibrationisolatoronbrace，mountingcorrugatedpipeatpump’Sinletandoutlet，andelectromagneticcouplingbetweenthemotor’Sshaftandthepump’SshaR．Also，photoelectricsensorsareinstalledasashaftphasereference，andphaseanglesoftheequivalenteccentricweightsonshaftsectionsnearthebearingsareidentifiedbythedisplacementpeaksoftheshaftvibration．Then，excitationforcesaregeneratedbyaddingmassesontheshaftatthephaseangles，andvariationsofthevibration-displacementpeaksaswellasthebearingstifnessaretestedbyvirtualinstrumentbuiltbyLabVIEW．Finally,thestifnessisvalidatedbyactualworkbenchconfigurationandtherotormode1．Theresultshowsthatthebearingstifnesstestmethodwithoutdisassemblingisfeasible，theworkbenchisreliabletovalidatethemethod，andthevirtualinstrumentCanalsoaccuratelycalculatetheequivalenteccentricweight’Sphaseoftheshaftandthesupportstifnessofthebearing