金矿区河水和底泥中重金属含量分布与耦合关系
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2020-02-27 13:08:42
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第33卷第8期2014年8月地质通报GEoLoGICALBULLETINOFCHINAV01-33.No.8Aug.,2014金矿区河水和底泥中重金属含量分布与耦合关系刘瑞平,徐友宁,李贤,张江华,陈华清,何芳,乔冈,柯海玲,史宇飞LIURui—ping,XUYou—ning,LIXian,ZHANGJiang—hua,CHENHua—qing,HEFang,QIAOGang,KEHai—ling,SHIYu—fei中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心,陕西西安710054XianCenterofChinaGeologicalSu~e>Xi*an710054,Shaanxi,China摘要:河流中河水与底泥中重金属含量之间的关系对于河流污染防治意义重大。对某金矿区3种典型河流的河水与底泥中的重金属含量进行分析,发现4条河流均有超过国家标准限值的情况,河水中7种重金属元素均出现超标,cr、As元素超标不严重;底泥中Hg、Pb、Cr、cu、Zn超标,其中Hg超标最严重,河水和底泥中Hg最大超标倍数分别达到3099倍和244倍。河流中重金属主要赋存形态为沉积态,底泥的吸附解吸作用是河流底泥和河水中重金属沿程变化的主控因素;金矿区区域上河水和底泥中重金属很好地服从Langmuir等温吸附模式。矿业活动、地层岩性均会影响底泥对重金属的平均最大吸附容量,流径黄土区的双桥河平均最大吸附容量最大。研究结果为矿山河流污染防治与预警提供了参考依据。关键词:金矿区;河水;底泥;重金属;空间分布;吸附一解吸平衡中图分类号:P618.51:X142文献标志码:A文章编号:1671—2552(2014)08—1220—11LiuRP,XuYN,LiX,ZhangJH,ChenHQ,HeF,QiaoG,KeHL,ShiYF.Thedistributionandcouplingrelationshipofheavymetalcontentinwaterandsedimentsinthegoldminingarea.GeologicalBulletinofChina,2014,33(8):1220—1230Abstract:Therelationshipofthecontentofheavymetalsbetweenwaterandsedimentsinariverplaysasignificantroleinriverpollu—tionpreventionandcontro1.Basedoninvestigationandanalysisoftheheavymetalconcentrationsinthreetypesofriver,theauthomstudiedthespatialdistributionoftheconcentrationsofheavymetalsinthewaterandsedimentsandtheadsorptionisothermmodelsoftheirflowingthroughdiferentlithologiesaswellasthedegreeofpollution,withthepurposeofestabhshingheavymetalcontentcouplingrelationshipbetweenthemingoldminerivers.Theresultsshowthatlotsofheavymetalelementsinallthefourrivershaveexceededthenationalstandardlimitvalues.Sevenkindsofheavymetalsinriverwaterhavesurpassedthesetstandard,inwhichthesurpassingsituationofchromiumandarsenicisnotserious.Insediments,mainlyHg,Pb,Cd,CuandZnhavesurpassedthesetstan—dard,ofwhichthemostseriouselementisHg,whosehighestconcentrationsinwaterandsedimentshaverespectivelyreached3099timesand244timesthatofthesetstandards.ThemainmodeofoccurrenceofheaWmetalsintheriveristhedepositionstate,andad—sorption—desorptionofsedimentsisthemaincontrolfactorsofheavymetalspatterninriversedimentsand
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