电子废弃物拆解区土壤Hg 和As 的分布规律

中国环境科学2008,28(3)：246~250ChinaEnvironmentalScience电子废弃物拆解区土壤Hg和As的分布规律姚春霞,尹雪斌,宋静,章海波,骆永明*(中国科学院南京土壤研究所,土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008)摘要：为研究电子废弃物拆解对土壤环境造成的污染,分析了浙江台州电子废弃物拆解区土壤样品中Hg和As的空间传输规律.结果表明,61.4%的样品Hg含量超过国家土壤环境质量一级标准值(0.15mg/kg),9%的样品Hg含量超过国家二级标准值(0.3mg/kg),单项污染指数评价显示轻度或中度污染.样品中As的含量均在一级标准范围内.土壤Hg含量受废旧物酸洗源和拆卸源影响较大,而As含量受冶炼源影响较大,其次是酸洗源.除个别样品在下风向上随着距离的增加呈显著下降趋势外,Hg和As含量在不同风向上含量无差异,其余呈现无规律波动,反映了区内存在多个污染排放源.Hg和As含量相关性较差,说明该地区Hg和As的传输和沉降可能受到多种不同因素的影响.关键词：土壤；Hg；As；污染源；传输规律中图分类号：X53文献标识码：A文章编号：1000-6923(2008)03-0246-05DistributionlawofsoilHgandAsinanE-wastebreak-dividingarea.YAOChun-xia,YINXue-bin,SONGJing,ZHANGHai-bo,LUOYong-ming*(StatekeyLaboratoryofSoilandAgricultureSustainableDevelopment,InstituteofSoilScience,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Nanjing210008,China).ChinaEnvironmentalScience,2008,28(3)：246~250Abstract：ThecontaminationofHgandAsinthefieldcontaminatedbyelectronicwastetreatment,locatedinTaizhou,ZhejiangProvincewasstudied,inordertorevealthethesoilcontaminationcausedbyE-wastebreak-dividing.ThesoilwereslightlycontaminatedwithHg.Approximately61.4%ofinvestigatedsoilsampleswerefoundwithHgcontentexceededthefirstclassofnationalsoilenvironmentalqualitystandardvalue(0.15mg/kg),while9%werefoundhigherthanthesecondclassof0.3mg/kg.Ofallsoilsamples,AscontentswereallbelowthefirstclassofChinesestandard,suggestingthesoilwasnotcontaminatedbyAs.TheimpactofsourcesonsoilHgandAscontentseemedtobequitedifferent.HgcontentwasmoreaffectedbyacidwashingandE-wastetreatmentthansmeltingprocess,whileAscontentwasseemedtobemoreaffectedbysmeltingprocessandacidwashing.Astospatialdistribution,thetrendsofsoilHgandAscontentchangedwithdistancefromthepotentialsourceswasnotveryclearlyinmostdirections.NosignificantcorrelationwasfoundbetweenHgandAscontentinthesoil,whichindicatedthatinputofHgandAscontenttosoilwerelikelyinfluencedbyvariedfactorsatthesametime.Keywords：soil；Hg；As；pollutionsource；transportationlawHg是一种具神经毒性的元素,As是最常见、危害人类健康的致癌物之一.人类活动释放的Hg和As是其土壤污染的重要来源[1-2].浙江省台州地区废旧电器拆解企业有近20年的发展历史,正在成为发达国家输出有毒电