生态土壤深度处理系统启动周期的研究

生态土壤深度处理系统启动周期的研究王海丽,孔海南,吴德意,何龙(上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200240)摘要:采用室内模拟试验装置,在2种实际工程用土和2种水力负荷条件下,考察了生态土壤深度处理系统对生活污水主要污染指标的去除效果及其各自的启动周期;同时对整个系统的启动周期的判断以及同类生态工艺的启动周期的判断方法做了初步探讨。研究结果表明:生态土壤深度处理系统的TP,CODCr和氨氮的去除启动周期分别为15～20,23～34和32～37d,系统的启动周期为37d左右。该系统属于非均匀混合型、多生态层次的生态处理工艺,其反应机理包括物理化学吸附作用、微生物生化作用和生态效应3类。启动周期完成的判断原则为:物理化学吸附作用是生化过程的结束;微生物生化作用是达到相应出水标准后稳定1周;高等植物的生态效应可以忽略,微生物生态系建立和稳定后的生态效应则视出水稳定达标情况而定,出水水质波动但达标的情况,即认为完成;反之,则达标稳定1周即认为完成。关键词:土地处理系统;深度处理;生活污水;启动中图分类号:X70311文献标识码:A文章编号:1001-6929(2004)05-0060-04收稿日期:2003-02-19修回日期:2003-10-23作者简介:王海丽(1978-),女,重庆人,硕士研究生.StudyontheStart2upPeriodofAnEco2SoilAdvancedTreatmentSystemWANGHai2li,KONGHai2nan,WUDe2yi,HELong(SchoolofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,ShanghaiJiaotongUniversity,Shanghai200240,China)Abstract:Ananalogeco2soiladvancedtreatmentsystem(ESATS)wasconductedinlabscaletotreatsewageunder2hydraulicloadingratesusing2typesofsoil.Theremovaleffectsandstart2upperiodperformancewerestudied.Preliminarystudyonjudgmentofthestart2upperiodoftheESATSandthemethodsofsuchjudgmentforsimilartechnologieswasalsoconducted.Theexperimentalresultsshowedthatthestart2upperiodforachievingaremovalofTP,CODCrandNH32Nwere15～20,23～34and32～37d,respectively.Thestart2upperiodofthewholesystemwasabout37d.TheESATSisoneoftheecologicaltreatmenttechnologieswithmultilevelecosystemsandcouldbeconsideredasanasymmetricalmixedreactor.There2actionmechanismsofsuchsystemscontainphysicalandchemicaladsorption,biochemicalandecologiceffect.Thejudgmentofstart2upofeachmechanismis:thestart2upofphysicalandchemicaladsorptionisconsideredasfinishedassoonasthecompletionofbiochemicalprocess;oneweekafterthepollutantindexoftheeffluentmettherequirementofthestandards,thestart2upofbiochemicaleffectisconsideredascompleted.Theeco2logiceffectofplantscanbeignored.Theecologiceffectresultedfrommicro2ecosystemestablishmentandstabilizationdependedonthequalityoftheeffluent.Ifitcouldmeettherequirementofthestandardsalthoughfluctuated,thestart2upofecologiceffectwouldbeconsideredasfinished;oroneweekafte