北方典型农村生活垃圾分类模式初探
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2020-02-28 15:24:26
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农业环境科学学报2010,29(8):1582-1589JournalofAgro-EnvironmentScience摘要:以华北平原上的曲周县王庄村为研究对象,在对村民进行环境意识调查的基础上详细分析了生活垃圾组成及农业活动旺季垃圾的变化趋势,并对生活垃圾分类进行了典型示范。结果表明,村民对垃圾污染问题较为关注,并希望能回收利用,但主动改善性不强;王庄村生活垃圾成分较为简单,主要可分为有机垃圾、无机垃圾、塑料垃圾及有害垃圾4大类,产生量为有机垃圾>无机垃圾>有害垃圾>塑料垃圾,其中有机垃圾占主要部分,达到56.76%;农户种植生产活动对有机垃圾和有害垃圾的产生有显著影响,无机垃圾产生量则主要与农户的燃料结构变化有关。通过对垃圾分类试验的效果进行分析得出,北方以种植业为主的农村地区适宜采取以村为单位的垃圾分类收集方法,并实施村委会-保洁员-农户三方的监督机制和适当奖惩措施,垃圾处理方式开始宜采取卫生填埋兼以废品回收的无害化模式,并逐渐过渡到分类利用的资源化模式。关键词:农村生活垃圾;分类收集;有机垃圾;无机垃圾;有害垃圾中图分类号:X705文献标志码:A文章编号:1672-2043(2010)08-1582-08北方典型农村生活垃圾分类模式初探———以曲周县王庄村为例于晓勇1,夏立江1,陈仪1,王浩民2(1.中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193;2.河北省曲周县王庄村村委会,河北曲周057250)ACaseStudyonClassificationPatternofHousehouldSolidWastesinaTypicalNorthernRuralVillage,ChinaYUXiao-yong1,XIALi-jiang1,CHENYi1,WANGHao-min2(1.CollegeofResourcesandEnvironment,ChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Beijing100193,China;2.WangzhuangVillageCommittee,QuzhouCounty,HebeiProvince,Quzhou057250,China)Abstract:Onthebasisoffullysurveytothevillagers,thecharacteristicsofruralhouseholdsolidwaste(HSW)anditschangingtendencyinharvesttimeofWangzhuangvillagewereanalyzedasarepresentativeofthenorthernruralareasinNorthChinaPlain.AHSWclassificationtestwasalsocarriedout.Themainresultswereasfollows:1)ThequestionnairesurveyindicatedthatvillagerswereratherconcernedabouttheHSWpollution,butnotactive.2)TheHSWinthisareacouldbedividedintofourmaincategories:organic,inorganic,plasticandhaz-ardouswastes.Amongthem,theorganicwastesaccountedfor56.76%,followedbyinorganicwastes,hazardouswasteandplasticwaste;3)Thechangeoforganicandhazardouswasteswasgreatlyaffectedbyagricultureproductionactivities,andtheoutputofinorganicwasteswasmainlyrelatedtothestructureofthefuelmix.ThroughtheHSWclassificationexperiments,animprovedmanagementpatternofHSWonthebaseofsource-separatedcollectionofeachvillagewasproposedforthenorthruralareas,whichwasguaranteedbyimplementingtheappro-priateincentivesandthetripartitemonitoringmechanisminvolvingvillagercommittee,cleanersandvillagers.Itissuggestedthemodeshouldbeprogressivelychang
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