农村污水加入对模拟稻田生态系统中氮_磷的影响_袁俊吉
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2020-02-29 11:15:41
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第24卷第5期2010年10月水土保持学报JournalofSoilandWaterConservationVol.24No.5Oct.,2010农村污水加入对模拟稻田生态系统中氮、磷的影响*袁俊吉,彭思利,马永玉,蒋先军,谢德体(西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400716)摘要:在温室内,以中性紫色水稻土为基质,水稻(Oryzasativa)为植被构建了模拟稻田生态系统用以处理农村污水,研究了外源污水(TN15.0mg/L,其中NH+4-N13.5mg/L,NO-3-N1.5mg/L;TP2.0mg/L)加入4种系统后,土壤和田面水中各种形态氮、磷、pH等的动态变化。结果表明,外源污水加入后3d土壤中NH+4-N、NO-3-N、pH均达到峰值,其中NH+4-N29.4~46.5mg/kg,NO-3-N12.3~21.4mg/kg,pH7.9~9.1,完全施肥处理显著高于减量施肥处理,垄作与平作之间差异不显著。7d后NH+4-N、NO-3-N、pH显著降低,处理之间差异不显著。外源污水加入后3d,土壤中NH+4-N增加了5.76~9.70g/m2,显著高于田面水中NH+4-N的损失量1.15~1.34g/m2,田面水和土壤中NO-3-N分别上升了0.64~0.91g/m2和2.02~4.12g/m2。表明田面水中NH+4-N的减少可能对土壤中NH+4-N的升高有一定的贡献,而田面水中NO-3-N的增加量可能来自土壤。土壤中碱解氮和Olsen-P浓度均在污水加入后1d达到峰值,完全施肥处理显著高于减量施肥处理,垄作与平作之间差异不显著。土壤中TN和TP在试验期间有下降的趋势,但是差异不显著。相同施肥条件下,垄作较平作能够获得更高的生物产量,意味着能够带走更多的氮、磷。关键词:面源污染;人工湿地;垄作;施肥中图分类号:X592文献标识码:A文章编号:1009-2242(2010)05-0184-07EffectsofRuralSewageAddingonNitrogenandPhosphorusinSimulatedRice-basedEcosystemsYUANJun-ji,PENGSi-li,MAYong-yu,JIANGXian-jun,XIEDe-ti(CollegeofResourceandEnvironment,SouthwestUniversity,Chongqing400716)Abstract:Ingreenhouse,fourdifferentsimulatedrice-basedecosystemswerebuiltupwithpaddysoilassub-strate,andwithOryzasativaasvegetation.Thedynamicprocessofconcentrationsofvariousformsofnitro-gen,phosphorusinsoilsandsurfacewatersunderfourdifferentsystems,aswellasthepHofsoils,werestudiedaftertheruralsewage(thetotalnitrogenconcentrationis15.0mg/L,ammoniumis13.5mg/L,ni-trateis1.5mg/L;thetotalphosphorusconcentrationis2.0mg/L)wasaddedintothefoursystems.Threedaysaftertheruralsewagewasadded,itwasfoundthat,insoils,theconcentrationsofNH+4-N(29.4~46.5mg/kg),NO-3-N(12.3~21.4mg/kg),andthepH(7.9~9.1)allreachedthepeakvalues.Thecon-centrationsofNH+4-N,NO-3-N,andthepHinsoilsunderfullfertilizermanagementweresignificantlyhigherthansoilsunderreductionfertilizermanagement,buttherewasnosignificantdifferencebetweenridgeandconventionaltillage.Sevendayslatter,theconcentrationsofNH+4-N,NO-3-N,andthepHreducedsignificantly,andtherewasnosignificantdifferenceamongmanagements.3daysaftertheruralsewagewasadded,
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