太湖流域农村分散居民生活垃圾与生活污水共处置强化产沼技术_张后虎

生态与农村环境学报2010,26(增刊1):19-23JournalofEcologyandRuralEnvironment太湖流域农村分散居民生活垃圾与生活污水共处置强化产沼技术张后虎1,胡源1,2,张毅敏1①,田静思1,2(1.环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042;2.常州大学环境与安全工程学院,江苏常州213016)摘要:开发以农村生活易腐垃圾为骨料,利用农村生活污水流动分配养分的厌氧发酵技术,以实现农村废物的共处置目标。试验结果表明,生活污水回灌促进了生活垃圾产CH4量,进水频率5d·次-1的工况处置CH4累积产量高于进水频率3d·次-1的工况处置。进水量100mL、进水频率3d·次-1条件下,与空白反应器(加入蒸馏水)相比,加入生活污水的反应器所产CH4浓度提高了2.4倍(P>0.05),45d时CH4累积产量提高了4.9倍。反应器内CH4累积量与进水量呈正比例关系,进水量150与50mL的工况处置相比较而言,CH4累积量可提高2.1～4.5倍。回灌后出水的沼液CODCr高于10g·L-1,TN约为600mg·L-1,TP约为100mg·L-1,具备较高的肥效,可作为液体肥料还田。关键词:分散农村居民;农村生活垃圾;生活污水;产沼;太湖流域中图分类号:X799.3文献标志码:A文章编号:1673-4831(2010)S1-0019-05AnaerobicCo-DigestionofDomesticSolidWasteandWastewaterofDisperseRuralHouseholdsinTaihuLakeBasin.ZHANGHou-hu1,HUYuan1,2,ZHANGYi-min1,TIANJing-si1,2(1.NanjingInstituteofEnvironmentalSciences,MinistryofEnvironmentalProtection,Nanjing210042,China;2.DepartmentofEnvironmental＆SafetyEngineering,ChangzhouUniversity,Changzhou213016,China)Abstract:Thetechnologyofanaerobicfermentationforbiogasproductionusingdomesticdecayablesolidwastefromruraldispersehouseholdsasbasesubstanceandflowingdomesticwastewaterfromthehouseholdsasnutrientdistributorisdevel-opedtorealizeco-dispositionofthetwotypesofwasteintheruralarea.Testsofthetechnologyshowthattheuseofthewastewaterincreasedbiogasgenerationfromthesolidwaste.Thetreatmentoffillingofwastewateronceevery5daysishigherincumulativebiogasproductionthanthetreatmentoffillingofwastewateronceevery3days.Withthewaterfillingratesetat100mL,themethaneconcentrationinthedigesterwas2.4times(P>0.05,n=6)higherinthetreatmentoffillingofwastewateronceevery3daysthaninthecontrol(fillingofdistilledwater)andthecumulativemethaneproduc-tionwas4.9timeshigherintheformerthaninthelatterin45days.Methaneaccumulationinthedigesterwasindirectproportiontowastewaterfillingrate.Withthewastewaterfillingrateincreasingfrom50to150mL,methaneaccumulationincreasedby2.1-4.5times.Theoutflowfromthedigesterwas>10g·L-1inCODCrca600mg·L-1inTNandca100mg·L-1inTP.Soitcanbeusedasliquidfertilizerfordirectapplicationinth