中等强度收割对菹草和伊乐藻种间竞争的影响

书中等强度收割对菹草和伊乐藻种间竞争的影响*左进城1，2贺锋2马剑敏2周巧红2曾磊2孔令为2胡胜华2吴振斌2＊＊(1鲁东大学生命科学学院，山东烟台264025;2中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室，武汉430072)摘要以取代系列实验方法研究了中等强度收割对菹草(Potamogetoncrispus)和伊乐藻(Elodeanuttallii)种间竞争的影响。竞争攻击力、相对产量、相对竞争强度、相对拥挤系数等指标表明:收割前后伊乐藻的种间竞争能力强于菹草;收割前单独培养和混合培养的菹草在盖度方面较伊乐藻占有明显优势(P＜0.05)，但收割后菹草的盖度分别显著降低了33.5%和45.3%(P＜0.05)，而伊乐藻的盖度显著提高(P＜0.05)，最终伊乐藻在盖度方面略占优势;收割前，单独培养和混合培养的菹草的株均干重显著地大于伊乐藻(P＜0.05)，但收割后菹草的株均干重有所下降，伊乐藻的株均干重增长显著(P＜0.05);收割后，两种方式培养的菹草的株均干重显著地小于伊乐藻(P＜0.05);中等强度收割抑制了0～25cm和25cm以上部位菹草的分枝和干物质的累积，但促进了伊乐藻在各层分枝和干物质的累积，这将有利于伊乐藻在竞争中取胜;此外，菹草与伊乐藻的种间竞争对植物根的生长影响较小。关键词富营养化;沉水植物;生态恢复;生态入侵中图分类号X17文献标识码A文章编号1000-4890(2014)9-2414-06Effectsofmoderate-intensityharvestingoninterspecificcompetitionbetweenPotamogetoncrispusandElodeanuttallii.ZUOJin-cheng1，2，HEFeng2，MAJian-min2，ZHOUQiao-hong2，ZENGLei2，KONGLing-wei2，HUSheng-hua2，WUZhen-bin2＊＊(1CollegeofLifeSciences，LudongUniversity，Yantai264025，Shandong，China;2StateKeyLaboratoryofFreshwaterEcol-ogyandBiotechnology，InstituteofHydrobiology，ChineseAcademyofSciences，Wuhan430072，China).ChineseJournalofEcology，2014，33(9):2414-2419.Abstract:Areplacementseriesexperimentwascarriedouttoanalyzetheeffectsofmoderate-in-tensityharvestingoninterspecificcompetitionbetweenElodeanuttalliiandPotamogetoncrispus.Competitionindicessuchasaggressivity，relativeyield，relativecompetitiveintensityandrelativecrowdingcoefficientshowedthatE.nuttalliiwasthestrongercompetitorbeforeandafterharves-ting.P.crispusoutcompetedE.nuttalliisignificantly(P＜0.05)incoverageinboththemono-cultureandthemixedculturebeforeharvesting.However，harvestingresultedinasignificantre-ductionincoverageofP.crispusby33.5%inthemonocultureand45.3%(P＜0.05)inthemixedculture，respectively，andasignificantincreaseincoverageofE.nuttallii(P＜0.05).TheresultshowedthatE.nuttalliisurpassedslightlyoverP.crispusintermsofcoverage.ThemeandryweightperplantofP.crispuswasgreaterthanthatofE.nuttalliiinboththemonocul-tureandthemixedculturebeforeharvesting(P＜0.05).However，themeandryweightperplantofP.crispuswasobviouslylowert