挂膜生长的白腐真菌处理草浆造纸黑液废水

应用与环境生物学报�2004,10(3):370~374��ChinJApplEnvironBiol=ISSN1006�687X�2004�06�25�挂膜生长的白腐真菌处理草浆造纸黑液废水*吴涓**�肖亚中�王怡平(安徽大学生命科学学院�合肥�230039)摘�要�比较了几株白腐真菌在造纸黑液废水中的挂膜生长状况及其对黑液废水的处理效果.结果表明,在pH6.0的废水中添加葡萄糖1.0g/L,酒石酸铵0.2g/L及适量无机盐时,黄孢原毛平革菌(Phanerochaetechrysosporium)和侧耳菌(Pleurotusostieatus)以及本实验室自选的白腐真菌S22的挂膜状况和对黑液废水的处理效果最好.废水中添加的葡萄糖和酒石酸铵的浓度分别为1.0g/L和0.2g/L时,侧耳菌的挂膜和对黑液废水的处理效果最佳.S22菌在pH10.0时其木质素降解率和COD去除率最高,分别可达84%和69%.黄孢原毛平革菌、侧耳菌和S22菌能够在碱性较强的废水中生长挂膜并显著降解木质素,表现出对废水很强的适应能力.生物膜对黑液废水的半连续化处理结果表明了生物膜法的优越性.图8表1参14关键词�白腐真菌;黑液废水;木质素;CODCLC�X172�Q949.329TREATMENTOFPULPBLACKLIQUORWASTEWATERBYWHITE�ROTFUNGIINBIOFILM*WUJuan**,XIAOYazhong&WANGYiping(InstituteofLifeSciences,AnhuiUniversity,Hefei�230039,China)Abstract�Fivedifferentstrainsofwhite�rotfungiwerecomparedfortheirabilitiesofformingbiofilminpulpblackliquorwastewaterandtheirtreatmenteffectsonthetreatmentofthewastewaterfrompapermakingindustries.Akindofporousplasticmediawasusedtosupportthebiofilmintheexperiments.TheresultsshowedthatPhanerochaetechrysosporium,PleurotusostieatusandS22werebestinformingbiofilmandintreatingwastewaterwhen1.0g/Lglucoseand0.2g/Lam�moniumtartratewereaddedintothewastewateratpH6.0.Itwasfoundedthattheconcentrationsofcarbonandnitrogensources,andinorganictraceelementshadgreatinfluencesonthebiofilmformingandwastewatertreatment.Thewastewatermediumwith1.0g/Lglucoseand0.2g/LammoniumtartrateshowedthebesttreatmentresultsusingPl.ostieatus.Thehighestlignindegradationefficiency(84%)andCODremovalefficiency(69%)wereachievedbyS22atpH10.0.Ph.chrysosporium,Pl.ostieatusandS22couldgrowinstrongalkalieffluentanddegradelignineffectively,whichshowedthestrongeradaptabilityofthesestrainstothepulpblackliquor.Theresultsofsemi�continuoustreatmentofthewastewatersug�gestedthesuperiorityofbiofilmtofreemycelium.Fig8,Tab1,Ref14Keywords�white�rotfungi;blackliquorwastewater;lignin;CODCLC�X172�Q949.329��目前我国造纸工业中草类制浆占有很大比重,造纸原料经高温碱液蒸煮脱木素后排出的黑液废水是造纸工业最大的污染源,已对环境造成极大威胁.废水中所含的氯化木素及其降解产物如氯代酚、氯代儿茶酚和齐聚类衍生物等是产生造纸黑液废水毒性和颜色的主要物质.白腐真菌是自然界中唯一能够降解天然高分子物质���木质素的一类真菌,