乳液接枝共聚法改性淀粉的制备及表征_赵军宁

乳液接枝共聚法改性淀粉的制备及表征Thepreparationandcharacteristicsofmodifiedstarchofgraftedbyemulsioncopolymerization赵军宁杨宗邃鲍艳马建中薛宗明(陕西科技大学资源与环境学院,咸阳712081)ZhaoJunning,YangZongsui,BaoYan,MaJianzhong,XueZongming(CollegeofResourceandEnvironment,ShaanxiUniversityofScience&Technology,Xianyang712081)摘要以氧化降解淀粉为骨架,丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯腈(AN)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为接枝共聚单体,过硫酸铵与亚硫酸氢钠组成的氧化-还原体系为引发剂,十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、Span80和亚硫酸化鱼油为乳化剂,采用乳液接枝共聚法制备可用于皮革复鞣的改性淀粉产品。以单体配比、引发剂用量、反应温度和反应时间为考察因素,产品稳定性、接枝率、接枝效率、单体转化率和在复鞣中应用的效果等为综合考察指标,经正交试验优化出的较佳合成条件为:单体配比(AA/10g;AN/5g;MMA/15g;BA/10g);引发剂用量3.0g;反应温度45℃;反应时间2.5h。此时接枝率、接枝效率、单体转化率分别为:156.8%;82.6%;95%。用FT-IR、DSC、XRD和SEM对产物进行了表征,结果表明:乙烯基类聚合物已成功地接枝于降解淀粉骨架上。关键词乳液接枝共聚改性淀粉制备表征中图分类号TS51文献标识码AAbstractAnovelgraftingcopolymerwassynthesizedbyreactingcrylicacid(AA),acrylonitrilez(AN),n-butylacrylate(BA),methylmethacrylate(MMA)asmonomerswithoxidationdegradedcornstarchinthepresenceoftheini-tiatorcombinedwith(NH4)2S2O8-NaHSO3andtheemulsioncomposedbysodiumlaurylsulfate(SDS),sulfitedfishoilandSpan80.Themonomerproportion,initiatoramount,reactiontimeandtemperatureasthefactors,theproductionstability,graftingratio,graftingefficiency,monomerconversionratioandapplicationresultastheexaminetarget,bytheorthogonaldesignofexperimentsresultedtheoptimisedsyntheticconditions:monomerproportion(AA/10g;AN/5g;MMA/15g;BA/10g),initiatoramountis3.0g,reactiontimeis2.5hoursandthereactiontemperatureis45℃.Atthesametime,graftingratio,graftingefficiency,monomerconversionratiois156%,82.6%and95%inrespective.SeveraltechniquessuchasFouriertransforminfrared(FT-IR)spec-troscopy,Differentialscanningcalorimetry(DSC),X-raydiffraction(XRD)andScanningelectronicmicroscope(SEM)wereusedtocharacterizethegraftingcopolymer.Theresultofapparatuscheckshowedthatvinylpolymerhavegraftedintothebaseofdegradedstarchsuccessfully.Keywordsgraftingcopolymerisationinemulsionmodifiedstarchpreparationcharacterization淀粉是一种廉价的可再生的天然高分子材料,无毒,易生物降解,近年来受到广泛重视。随着石油价格飞涨,资源日益匮乏,如何从深度和广度开发应用淀粉资源,已成为国内外学者普遍关注的课题。淀粉以其来源广泛,价格低廉,再生性强,减少环境污染等优点受到人们重视。作为传统污染大户的制革工