巢湖蓝藻水华分布特征和气象条件分析

安徽农业科学，JournalofAnhuiAgr1．Sci．2015，43(4)：191—193，198责任编辑黄小燕责任校对况玲玲巢湖蓝藻水华分布特征和气象条件分析范裕祥，金社军，周培，季爱娟，王文本(1．安徽省巢湖气象局，安徽巢湖238000；2．福建省三明市大田县气象局，福建三明366100)摘要[目的]研究巢湖蓝藻水华与气象条件之间的关系。[方法]利用卫星遥感监测信息和气象资料，统计分析20139～2013年巢湖蓝藻水华分布特征与其暴发期间主要气象要素特征。【结果]巢湖蓝藻水华5～11月均有分布，9、10月是巢湖蓝藻水华的主要暴发期，5、11月明显偏少；蓝藻水华主要分布在西半湖。适宜的气温、少雨、光照充足和风速偏小有利于蓝藻颗粒的上浮和积聚；适宜的温度条件下，蓝藻生长繁殖迅速。J结论]气温是巢湖蓝藻水华暴发的基本气象条件，不是水华暴发面积的关键气象条件，5d积温165．0℃·d可作为蓝藻暴发的上限；降水对水华有抑制作用；充足的日照是水华形成的必要条件；低风速(<3．8m／s)利于水华形成。关键词蓝藻水华；暴发；气象条件；巢湖中图分类号S181．3文献标识码A文章编号0517—6611(2015)04—191—03AnalysisontheDistributionsandMeteorologicalConditionsofCyanobacteriaBloominChaohuLakeFANYu_xiang，JINShe-jun，zHoUPeietal(1．MeteorologicalBureauofChaohuLake，Chaohu，Anhui238000；2．MeteorologicalBureauofDatianCounty，Sanming，Fuiian366l0o)Abstractl0biectivel11heresearchaimedtostudytherelationshipbetweenthecyanobacteriabloomandmeteorologicalconditionsinChaohuLake．[Method]Withthedatafromthesatelliteremotesensingmonitoringandmeteorologyfrom2009to2013，thispapermainlyanalyzedthedistributionfeaturesofcyanobacteriabloomandthefeaturesofmainelementalmeteorologicalduringtheoutbreakofcyanobacteriabloominChao—huLake．『ResuhltherewerecyanobacteriabloomdistributionduringMaytoNovember，andMostofcyanobacteriabloominChaohuLakemainlyincu~edinSeptemberandOetober．buttheperiodsofthecyanobacteriabloomreducesharplywasinMayandNovember．Lakeblue—greencya—nobacteriabloomweremainlydistributedinwesthaIflake．Thesuitabletemperature，littlerain．sunnyandsmallwindspeedwasbeneficialtoabuoyancyandaccumulationofcyanobacteriaparticles．Undertheconditionofappropriatetemperature，thecyanobacteriabloomgrowrapidly．IConclusion1ThetemperaturewasthebasicmeteorologicalconditionsofcyanobacteriabloominChaohuLake，however．itwasnotthekeymete—orologicalconditiontotheareaofcyanobacteriabloom．The165．0℃·dwhichtheaccumulatedtemperatureduring5dayscouldbeusedaswastheupperlimitsofcyanobacteriablom．Precipitationhadaninhibitoryeffectoncyanobacteriabloom．Enoughsunshinewasanecessaryconditionfortheformationofcyanobacteriabloms．Thebr