地表水体放线菌分离鉴定与致嗅能力研究
- 海之魂
-
3 次阅读
-
0 次下载
-
2020-03-09 11:09:23
文档简介:
第34卷2015正第3期3月环境化学ENVIRONMENTALCHEMISTRYVo1.34,No.3March2015DOI:10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2015.03.2014063005张灿,刘文君,张明露.饮用水细菌内毒素污染的风险识别与分析研究进展[J].环境化学,2015,34(3):425—430ZHANGCan,LIUWenjun,ZHANGMinglu.Reviewonidentificationandanalysisforhealthriskofbacterialendotoxincontaminationindrinkingwater[J].EnvironmentalChemistry,2015,34(3):425—430饮用水细菌内毒素污染的风险识别与分析研究进展张灿,刘文君张明露(1.军事医学科学院疾病预防控制所,北京,100071;2.清华大学环境学院,北京,1000843.北京工商大学食品学院,北京,100048)摘要细菌内毒素,又称脂多糖分子或者热原,是革兰氏阴性细菌和某些蓝藻细胞壁组分,主要由菌体死亡解体后释放.内毒素是常见的外源性致热原,属于强免疫刺激剂,与多种人类疾病密切相关.由于饮用水中会滋长微生物。因此内毒素污染在饮用水中普遍存在.近年来,国外研究中饮用水的细菌内毒素污染开始受到关注.成为饮用水微生物安全领域新兴的研究方向.本文概述了细菌内毒素的物化性质和生物活性,分析了细菌内毒素在饮用水中的存在形态,综述了国内外关于地表水源、地下水源、管网末梢水和深度处理水的内毒素污染调查状况.分析了传统水处理技术、深度处理技术和饮用水消毒技术对内毒素的控制效果,探讨了饮用水中内毒素的血液暴露、呼吸暴露和胃肠暴露途径导致机体潜在的健康风险、安全阈值和相关标准,并对饮用水细菌内毒素污染研究方向进行了展望.关键词饮用水,微生物安全性,内毒素,脂多糖,健康风险.ReviewonidentificationandanalysisforhealthriskofbacterialendotoxincontaminationindrinkingwaterZHANGCan·LIUWenjunZHANGMinglu(1.InstituteofDiseaseControlandPrevention,AcademyofMilitaryMedicalSciences,Beijing,100071,China;2.SchoolofEnvironment,TsinghHaUniversity,Beijing,100084,China;3.SchoolofFodandChemicalEngineeringBeijingTechnologyandBusinessUniversity,Beijing,100048,China)Abstract:Endotoxins,alsoknownaslipopolysaccharideorpyrogen,areanchoredintheoutermembranecellwallofmostGram—negativebacteria(GNB)andsomecyanobacteria.Theyarereleasedaftertheapoptosisofbacteriacells.Ascommonpyrogenandhighlyimmunogenicmolecules,endotoxinsarerelatedtomanyhumandiseases.Theyareubiquitousindrinkingwaterduetothegrowthofbacteria.Inrecentyears,anincreasingnumberofreportsonendotoxincontaminationindrinkingwaterhavebeenpublished.Inthispaper,thephysicalproperties,chemicalpropertiesandbiologicalactivitiesofendotoxinwerereviewedandtheexistingformsofbacterialendotoxinindrinkingwaterwereanalyzed.Inaddition,theinvestigationofendotoxincontaminationinsurfacewater,groundwater,tapwater,andadvancedtreatmentwaterwerereviewed,andthecontroleffectsofendotoxincontaminationsbyadditionalwatertreatmentprocesses,
评论
发表评论