官厅水库水质特征及水体微生物多样性的响应

中国环境科学2015,35(5)：1547~1553ChinaEnvironmentalScience官厅水库水质特征及水体微生物多样性的响应孙寓姣1,陈程1,2,丁爱中1*,赵晓辉1,张惠淳1(1.北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875；2.中国国际工程咨询有限公司资源与环境业务部,北京100048)摘要：针对北京市原水源地官厅水库,选择了上下游共6个采样点进行了不同季节的水质及环境因子特征分析.总体看来,4个季节水体氮磷碳营养物质浓度依次为:夏季>秋季>春季>冬季,夏秋季出现明显水华.上游妫水河水质要好于下游水库库区水质,尤其以夏秋季节最为明显.夏季上游妫水河的总碳、总氮、氨氮、总磷平均浓度为26.5,0.95,0.55,0.077mg/L,而水库库区响应平均浓度分别为111.47,4.27,3.16,0.25mg/L.结合PCR-DGGE对不同时期各点水体微生物进行了群落分析,发现上下游水体中细菌群落结构差异很大,水华严重区的细菌群落多样性和丰度要低于比水质较好区域.CANOCA软件分析了夏秋季水华时水体微生物群落变化与环境因子的响应关系,发现细菌群落结构与环境因子(T、pH值、DO、NFR、TP、Fe)之间存在较强的关联.水质较好的上游水体夏秋细菌群落结构主要受温度、DO影响较大;而水质较差的库区水体夏秋季细菌群落结构变化与固氮速率、pH值、总磷的相关性较好.关键词：官厅水库；水华；环境因子；水质；微生物多样性中图分类号：X703.5文献标识码：A文章编号：1000-6923(2015)05-1547-07ThecorrespondingofmicrobialdiversityonwaterqualityandenvironmentalvariablesofGuantingReservoir.SUNYu-jiao1,CHENCheng1,2,DINGAi-zhong1*,ZHAOXiao-hui1,ZHANGHui-chun1(1.CollegeofWaterScience,BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing100875,China；2.ChinaInternationalEngineeringConsultingCorporationResourcesandEnvironmentBusinessDepartment,Beijing100048,China).ChinaEnvironmentalScience,2015,35(5)：1547~1553Abstract：ThewaterqualityandenvironmentalfactorsofBeijingGuantingReservoirindifferentseasonswereanalyzedbasedonthecharacterizationofthedatafromsixsamplingsites.Generally,theconcentrationsofthenutrientsincludingcarbon,nitrogen,andphosphoruswereintheordersof:summer>autumn>spring>winter,andtheoutbreaksofwater-bloomsoccurredinsummerandautumn.Thewaterqualityintheupstream(GuiRiver),wasbetterthanthatofthedownstream(reservoirarea),especiallyinsummerandautumn.Insummer,theaverageconcentrationsoftotalcarbon,totalnitrogen,ammonianitrogen,totalphosphorusinupstreamwere26.5,0.95,0.55,0.077mg/Lrespectively,whilethatofdownstreamwere111.47,4.27,3.16,0.25mg/Lrespectively.MicrobialcommunityofthewaterwasanalyzedemployingPCR-DGGEtechnique.Theresultshowedthatbacterialcommunitystructuresvariedconsiderablybetweentheupstreamandthedownstream.Theupstreamwaterbehavedthehigherlevelofbacterialcommunitydiversityandricherdegreethanthatofdownstreamwaterserio