蓝藻水华消亡对湖泊表层沉积物中氨氧化细菌丰度和群落结构的影响

生态与农村环境学报2015，31(3):334－339JournalofEcologyandRuralEnvironment蓝藻水华消亡对湖泊表层沉积物中氨氧化细菌丰度和群落结构的影响黄睿1，2，沈烽2，罗娟2，王司辰2，唐启彤2，徐慧敏2，吴燕2，赵大勇1，2①(1.河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室，江苏南京210098;2.河海大学水文水资源学院，江苏南京210098)摘要:为探索蓝藻水华消亡对湖泊表层沉积物中氨氧化细菌(ammonia-oxidizingbacteria，AOB)的影响，设计了室内沉积物－水微宇宙模拟体系，体系中分别添加野外收集蓝藻和室内培养蓝藻，运用荧光定量PCR和克隆建库等分子生物学方法分析氨氧化细菌的丰度、群落结构和多样性。结果表明:(1)添加蓝藻处理组的氨氧化细菌丰度和群落多样性高于未添加蓝藻的空白对照组;(2)属于亚硝化单胞菌属(Nitrosomonas)的N．oligotropha类群在表层沉积物的氨氧化细菌中占有绝对优势，相对丰度达75%;(3)与空白对照组相比，添加蓝藻处理组的氨氧化细菌中新出现了N．communis和Nitrosospira类群。添加蓝藻会提高沉积物中氨氧化细菌的丰度并增加其群落多样性。关键词:蓝藻;氨氧化细菌;克隆建库;群落结构;丰度中图分类号:X824文献标志码:A文章编号:1673－4831(2015)03－0334－06DOI:10．11934/j．issn．1673－4831．2015．03．010EffectsofWitheringofCyanobacteriaBloomonAbundanceandCommunityCompositionofAmmonia-OxidizingBacteriainSurfaceLakeSediments．HUANGRui1，2，SHENFeng2，LUOJuan2，WANGSi-cheng2，TANGQi-tong2，XUHui-min2，WUYan2，ZHAODa-yong1，2(1．StateKeyLaboratoryofHydrology-WaterResourcesandHydraulicEngi-neering，HohaiUniversity，Nanjing210098，China;2．CollegeofHydrologyandWaterResources，HohaiUniversity，Nanjing210098，China)Abstract:AsimulationsystemwasconstructedtoinvestigateeffectofwitheringofCyanobacteriabloomonabundanceandcommunitycompositionofammonia-oxidizingbacteria(AOB)insurfacesediments．Thesystemconsistedofthreetreat-ments，［i．e．(1)CK，(2)additionoflab-culturedCyanobacteriaand(3)additionofwildCyanobacteriacollectedfromalake］．Abundance，communitycompositionanddiversityofAOBwereanalyzedwiththereal-timeqPCRandmolecularbiologicalmethods，likeclonelibrary，etc．．Resultsshowthat(1)Treatments2and3weremuchhigherthanTreatment1inabundanceandcommunitydiversityofAOB;(2)N．oligotrophagroupofNitrosomonaswasthedominantAOBgroup，accountingforapproximately75%ofthetotalAOBcommunityinthesurfacesediments;and(3)ComparedtoTreatment1，Treatments2and3werefoundtohavesomenewAOBgroups，suchasN．communisandNitrosospira．ThefindingsindicatethatN．oligotrophaisabsolutelythedominantgroupinallthetreatments，andwitheringofCyanobacteriabloommayimproveAOBinthesurfacelakesedimentsinbothabundanceanddiver