油田污水絮体上浮的原因分析及处理对策

第44卷第7期2015年7月应用化工AppliedChemicalIndustryVol．44No．7Jul．2015收稿日期:2014-11-10修改稿日期:2014-11-27作者简介:吕志凤(1968－)，女，山东安丘人，中国石油大学副教授，博士，主要从事油品添加剂的研发及油田污水处理研究。电话:0532－86983374，E－mail:luzf@upc．edu．cn油田污水絮体上浮的原因分析及处理对策吕志凤，胡以朋，张珂，周昕媛，战风涛(中国石油大学理学院，山东青岛266580)摘要:油田污水组成复杂，具有含油量高、矿化度高、悬浮物含量高、含有细菌等特点，沉降效果不好，而且经常出现絮体上浮或悬浮现象，导致过滤效果降低，悬浮物达标困难。在分析污水组成的基础上，对悬浮絮体组成进行了系统分析，结果表明，滤料吸附物中有机质含量高达63%，有机质酸值高，且含聚醚类和烷基苯磺酸钠类表面活性剂，无机质主要成分是含锶重晶石。可利用絮体有机质含量高、易上浮的特点，在三相分离器出口投加高效聚铝和有机高分子助凝剂，从沉降罐顶部回收含悬浮物的污油，沉降罐出口悬浮物及油含量都明显降低，再通过两级过滤，悬浮物低于3mg/L，达到注水要求。关键词:油田污水;絮体上浮;组成分析;注水水质中图分类号:TQ085;TE991．2文献标识码:B文章编号:1671－3206(2015)07－1379－04CauseanalysisandtreatmentmeasuresofoilfieldwastewaterflocsfloatLZhi-feng，HUYi-peng，ZHANGKe，ZHOUXin-yuan，ZHANFeng-tao(DepartmentofScience，ChinaUniversityofPetroleum，Qingdao266580，China)Abstract:Oilfieldsewagecompositioniscomplex，withahighoilcontent，highsalinity，highcontentofsuspendedmatter，containbacteriaandothercharacteristics，whichcausesthedifficultytosettlethewastewaterintheflocculationsectionandthephenomenonofflocsfloating．Moreover，theflocsfloatingcausesreducingoffiltrationeffectandthedifficultyofsuspendedsolidsofinjectionwatertoreachstand-ard．Onthebasisoftheanalysisofwastewatercomposition，thecompositionofthesuspendedflocswasan-alyzed．Theresultsrevealedthatthecontentoforganicmatteradsorbedinfilterwasupto63%．Theor-ganicmatterinfilteradsorptionsubstancehadhighacidvalue，andwithpolyetherandsulfonatesurfac-tantsinit．ThemaincomponentofinorganicmatterwasSr-bearingbarite．Thecontentoforganicmatterinflocswashighandeasytofloat，usingthesecharacteristics，suspendedsolidswasremovedfromthewastewaterbyaddinghighqualitypolymericaluminiumchlorideandorganicpolymercoagulantinthree-phaseseparatorandrecoveredwasteoilrichinsuspendedsolidsinthetopofthesettlingtank．Thesuspendedsolidsandoilcontentweresignificantlydecreasedinthesettlingtankoutlet，andwiththetwostagefiltra-tion，suspendedsolidsislowerthan3mg/Landtoachievethewaterrequirements．Keywords:oilfieldwastewater;flocsfloat;compositionanalysis;qualityo