藻源性湖泛发生过程的季节差异

中国环境科学2015,35(8)：2511~2516ChinaEnvironmentalScience藻源性湖泛发生过程的季节差异邵世光1,2,薛联青1,刘成2,申秋实2,周麒麟2,余居华2,范成新2*(1.河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210098；2.中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008)摘要：藻源性湖泛在春季和夏季均有发生,但湖泛发生的完整过程在野外很难被追踪到.本文利用专利装置进行了春季与夏季藻源性湖泛的室内发生模拟,研究了湖泛发生过程中水体视觉和嗅觉两方面特征指标的变化过程.结果表明:湖泛在春季比夏季需要更长的酝酿时间方可发生,且持续时间较短;春季湖泛发生时水体真色度与悬浮固体含量均要高于夏季,且波动更显著;夏季湖泛致臭物质的变化较春季更明显,具有迅速、持久的特点;春季与夏季藻源性湖泛过程均具有嗅觉特征先于视觉效果显现的现象,即呈现先臭后黑的特点.关键词：湖泛；季节差异；视觉特征；嗅觉特征；变化过程中图分类号：X144文献标识码：A文章编号：1000-6923(2015)08-2511-06Seasonaldifferencesintheprocessofalgae-inducedblackbloom.SHAOShi-guang1,2,XUELian-qing1,LIUCheng2,SHENQiu-shi2,ZHOUQi-lin2,YUJu-hua2,FANCheng-xin2*(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofHydrology-WaterResourcesandHydraulicEngineering,HohaiUniversity,Nanjing210098,China；2.StateKeyLaboratoryofLakeScienceandEnvironment,NanjingInstituteofGeographyandLimnology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Nanjing210008,China).ChinaEnvironmentalScience,2015,35(8)：2511~2516Abstract：Algae-induceblackbloomhasoccurredinthespringandsummer,butthewholeprocessofblackbloomoccurringwasdifficulttotrackedinthewild.Thestudyusedapatenteddevicesimulationthattheoccurredprocessofalgae-induceblackbloominspringandsummer,andstudiedthechangeprocessofcharacteristicsindicatorsofvisualandolfactorywhentheblackbloomoccurred.Theresultsshowedthat:springblackbloomoccurredtakeslongerthaninsummer,andtheshortduration.Truechromaticityandsuspendedsolidsoftheblackwaterinspringhigherthaninsummer,andmoreintensevolatile.Thechangeprocessoftheodorsubstancesinsummerblackbloommoreobviousthaninspring,atthesametime,theblackbloomofsummerwasmorequickly,moreobvious,andmoredurablethanspring.Thealgae-inducedblackbloomprocessesofspringandsummerhaveshownblackandodorappearnotsynchronized,olfactoryeffectmanifestedearlierthanvisualeffects,thatisolfactoryeffectappearedearlierthanthevisualeffect.Keywords：blackbloom；seasonaldifferences；visualcharacteristics；olfactorycharacteristics；changeprocess湖泛是近20年来常见于我国浅水湖泊的一种极端水环境问题[1-4],主要有草源性和藻源性2种类型[3-4].湖泛发生时水体变黑且伴有极度难闻的气味[5],严重影响水生态系统及供水安全