复合型前置库系统去除面源主要污染物的研究

J．LakeSci．(湖泊科学)，2013，25(3):352-358http://www．jlakes．org．E-mail:jlakes@niglas．ac．cn2013byJournalofLakeSciences复合型前置库系统去除面源主要污染物的研究*边博1，吴海锁1，徐志荣2，王惠中1，姜伟立1(1:江苏省环境科学研究院，南京210036)(2:河海大学环境学院，南京210098)摘要:以江苏省溧阳市塘马水库水源地水质安全保障工程为背景，针对水库型水源地面源污染存在的主要问题，构建以沉淀区、浅水区、深水区、潜流人工湿地及生物填料组成强化净化区的复合型前置库分区净化系统，研究面源主要污染物去除规律，为工程示范提供技术参数．结果表明，系统滞水时间为1d时，去除氮、磷、CODCr均有良好效果，分别达到了67．2%、68．2%及89．3%，滞水时间为2～3d时各污染物去除率增加较少并趋于稳定．引入潜流湿地及强化净化区明显提高了SS、氮、磷、有机物的去除效果，特别是提升了对小颗粒(粒径小于15μm)的去除效果，基于上述研究结果，建议工程示范中滞水时间为2～3d，并适当优化系统分区结构，提高复合型前置库的净化效率及面积利用率．关键词:面源污染;复合型前置库系统;功能区;营养盐;悬浮颗粒物;塘马水库Eliminatingnon-pointsourcepollutioninapre-damcomplexsystemintheTangmaRes-ervoir，JiangsuProvinceBIANBo1，WUHaisuo1，XUZhirong2，WANGHuizhong1＆JIANGWeili1(1:JiangsuProvincialAcademyofEnvironmentalScience，Nanjing210036，P．R．China)(2:CollegeofEnvironment，HohaiUniversity，Nanjing210098，P．R．China)Abstract:Inthisstudy，theefficienciesofapre-damcomplexsystemfornon-pointsourcepollutioncontrolwasinvestigatedforthemanagementoftheTangmaReservoirinLiyangCity，JiangsuProvince．Thepre-damcomplexiscomposedofsettlingarea(A)，shallow-waterarea(B)，deep-waterarea1(C)，deep-waterarea2(D)，surfaceflowwetland(E)，andbiologicalmembranepurificationarea(F)．Theresultsshowedthatthepre-damcomplexsystemunderthestudycontributedtosignificantimprovementinthequalityofagriculturalnon-pointsourcepollutionflowingthroughthepre-dam．TheremovalofTN，TP，CODCrcouldbeupto67．2%，68．2%and89．3%，respectively，whentheretentiontimewas1d．Theremovalefficiencywasincreasedwithincreas-ingofretentiontime，whiletheincrementwassmallandstable．Moreover，increasedareas(EandF)couldsignificantlyimprovetheremovalsofSS，TN，TPandCODCr，particularlythesmallerSSwhichwasconsistedofsizelessthan15μm．Furthermore，basedonlaboratoryresults，itwassuggestedthattheretentiontimebe2-3dintheTangmaproject，andthesystembeoptimizedtoimprovethepurificationefficiencyandhighutilizationofthearea．Keywords:Non-pointsourcespollution;pre-damcomplexsystem;functionalareas;nutrients;SS;TangmaReservoir随着我国对饮用水水源地保护的日益重视，水源地周边的点源污染得到了