基质对人工湿地污水蒸发量及净化能力的影响_徐德福

中国环境科学2011,31(6)：927~932ChinaEnvironmentalScience基质对人工湿地污水蒸发量及净化能力的影响徐德福*,李映雪,郑建伟,赵晓莉,方华(南京信息工程大学,江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室,江苏南京210044)摘要：选择5种常见的人工湿地基质(土、沙、沙+土、有机质+沙和有机质+沙+土),研究了不同基质对污水蒸发量及净化能力的影响.结果表明,不同基质对污水的蒸发量存在差异,其大小顺序为:(有机质+沙+土)>(有机质+沙)>沙>土>(沙+土);有机质+沙+土和有机质+沙2种基质的污水蒸发量显著高于其他基质(P<0.05)并与其温度比较高有关.5种基质的温度存在差异,有机质+沙+土的温度显著高于土和沙两种基质的温度(P<0.05),有机质+沙+土的温度比土的温度高2.2;℃相关分析显示,基质的污水蒸发量与高锰酸钾指数去除率和氨氮去除率呈正相关,其中与氨氮去除率呈显著正相关(P<0.05).基质加入有机质可增加基质的温度,提高基质的污水蒸发量,有利于提高基质对有机物和氮的去除效率.关键词：人工湿地；基质；污水；温度；蒸发；净化能力中图分类号：X506文献标识码：A文章编号：1000-6923(2011)06-0927-06Effectofsubstratesonevaporationandpurificationofwastewaterinconstructedwetland.XUDe-fu*,LIYing-xue,ZHENGJian-wei,ZHAOXiao-li,FANGHua(JiangsuKeyLaboratoryofAtmosphericEnvironmentMonitoringandPollutionControl,NanjingUniversityofInformationScienceandTechnology,Nanjing210044,China).ChinaEnvironmentalScience,2011,31(5)：927~932Abstract：Thestudyinvestigatedtheeffectoffivecommonsubstrates(soil,sand,amixtureofsoilandsand,amixtureofsandandorganicmatter,andamixtureofsand,soilandorganicmatter)onevaporationandpurificationofwastewaterinconstructedwetland.Theevaporationcapacitiesofwastewaterinthesubstratesweredifferentfollowingtheorderofmixtureofsand,soilandorganicmatter>mixtureofmixtureofsandandorganicmatter>sand>soil>mixtureofsand&soil.Theevaporationcapacitywassignificantlyhigherinthemixtureofsand,soilandorganicmatterandthemixtureofsandandorganicmatterthanintheotherthreetestedsubstrates(P<0.05),whichwasrelatedtothesubstratetemperature.Temperaturesofthefivesubstratesweredifferentandthemixtureofsand,soilandorganicmatterhadsignificantlyhightemperaturecomparedwithsoilorsand(P<0.05).Thetemperatureofthemixtureofsand,soil&organicmatterwas2.2℃higherthanthatofthesoil.ThecorrelationanalysisshowedthattherewassignificantlypositivecorrelationbetweentheevaporationcapacityofwastewaterandtheremovalefficiencyofNH4+-N(P<0.05).Theadditionoforganicmattercanincreasethetemperatureandevaporationcapacityofwastewaterinthesubstrate,whichcontributetotheenhancedremovaleff