寒冷地区中小型城镇污水的处理实用技术_庞长泷

第33卷EnvironmentalScience&Technology第33卷第12F期2010年12月Vol.33No.12FDec.2010寒冷地区中小型城镇污水的处理实用技术庞长泷1,2，马放1,2*，邱珊1,2，王立1，魏利1，李昂1（1.城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院，黑龙江哈尔滨150090;2.哈尔滨工业大学宜兴环保研究院，江苏宜兴214200）摘要：小城镇及农村地区的经济技术特点、污水特征及处理要求，使传统城市污水工艺在小城镇应用中存在技术、管理、投资、运行方面等多方面问题，寻找和开发更适宜小城镇的操作简单、方便、投资及运行费用低的污水处理工艺十分必要。针对北方寒冷地区小城镇污水处理的特殊性，开展了多项小城镇分散型污水处理技术的研究，文章分别介绍了新型高效人工湿地、喷射环流、一体化A/O等多项新型污水处理技术，分析了其技术原理和在北方小城镇污水处理中应用的优势，并通过介绍多项新型污水处理技术的应用实例，表明其在北方广大的中小城镇、农村及农垦地区具有极大的推广意义。关键词：污水处理;小城镇;分散型污水;寒冷地区;人工湿地中图分类号：X703文献标志码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1003-6504.2010.12F.047文章编号：1003-6504(2010)12F-0192-04PracticableTechnologiesforWastewaterTreatmentoftheSmallTownsintheColdAreaPANGChang-long1,2,MAaFang1,2*,QIUShan1,2,WANGLi1,WEILi1,LIAng1（1.StateKeyLabofUrbanWaterResourceandEnvironment,SchoolofMunicipalandEnvironmentalEngineering,HarbinInstituteofTechnology,Harbin150090,China;2.YixingEnvironmentalEngineeringResearchAcademy,HarbinInstituteofTechnology,Yixing214200,China）Abstract：Thedevelopmentandconstructionofthedecentralizedwastewatertreatmentsystemshasattractedgreatattentioninthecomingdecades,becauseoftheseriouswaterpollutioninthesmalltownsandthecountry.NowadayslotsofruralareasandsmalltownsinChinahaveweakeconomicfoundation,under-perfectwastewatercollectionsystems,andlowmanagementlevel.Becauseitalsoneedssophisticatedmaintenanceandmanagement,highinvestmentandhighrunningcost,thetraditionalwastewatertreatmenttechnologywouldhavemanychallengesforthosesmalltowns.Therefore,itisofgreatimportancetoresearchtheprocessforwastewatertreatmentintheruralareasandsmalltowns,whichshouldhavestrongimpactontheloadresistantcapability,lowinvestmentandrunningcost,easymaintenanceandmanagement.Inthispaper,sometechnicalachievementsbasedonthedecentralizedwastewatertreatmentresearchincoldareahavebeenintroduced,whichincludethehigh-efficientconstructedwetlandsystem,thejetlooptechnology,andthesludgefilterwastewatertreatmenttechnology.Theprocessesandmechanismsofthesenewtechnologieshavebeenanalyzedindetails,anditwasindicatedthatthey