人工湿地植物泌氧与污染物降解耗氧关系研究_吴海明

第4卷第9期环境工程学报Vol.4,No.92010年9月ChineseJournalofEnvironmentalEngineeringSep.2010人工湿地植物泌氧与污染物降解耗氧关系研究吴海明1张建1＊李伟江2张波1(1.山东大学环境科学与工程学院,济南250100;2.青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,青岛266033)摘要实验采用静态水培方法研究了香蒲(Typhaorientalis)、芦苇(Phragmitesaustralis)和水葱(Scirpusvalidus)3种常见湿地水生植物潜在泌氧能力、去污效果,并对水生植物泌氧量与污染物降解耗氧量进行了计算分析,从而阐明湿地植物泌氧与污染物降解耗氧之间的关系。结果表明,3种植物泌氧能力由大到小依次为:芦苇>香蒲>水葱,其中,芦苇比放氧速率、面积泌氧率均最高,分别为3.36mgO2/(g·d)和4.35gO2/(m2·d)。植物对湿地系统中污染物的去除有重要影响,各植物系统COD去除速率在3.46～3.77g/(m2·d)之间;NH+4-N去除速率在0.07～0.13g/(m2·d);TN去除速率在0.25～0.27g/(m2·d);TP去除速率均为0.09g/(m2·d);均好于无植物空白系统。计算表明,各植物体系泌氧量在0.48～0.55gO2/d之间;各植物体系COD、NH+4-N耗氧量在0.41～0.46gO2/d之间;植物净泌氧量在0.02～0.12gO2/d之间。植物泌氧量与COD、NH+4-N耗氧量呈显著正相关关系。若应用人工湿地处理城镇生活污水,各植物体系COD最大去除负荷在3.81～4.35g/(m2·d)之间,NH+4-N最大去除负荷在0.83～0.95g/(m2·d)之间,最大水力负荷在1.65～1.89cm/d之间。关键词泌氧能力去除效果污染物降解耗氧量中图分类号X703.1文献标识码A文章编号1673-9108(2010)09-1973-05RelationshipbetweenoxygenreleasefromplantsinconstructedwetlandandoxygendemandforpollutantdegradationWuHaiming1ZhangJian1LiWeijiang2ZhangBo1(1.SchoolofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,ShandongUniversity,Jinan250100,China;2.SchoolofEnvironmentalandMunicipalEngineering,QingdaoTechnologicalUniversity,Qingdao266033,China)AbstractTyphaorientalis,PhragmitesaustralisandScirpusvaliduswerecultivatedinthestaticwatertoe-valuatetheircapacityofoxygenreleaseandpollutantremoval.Oxygenreleasefromplantsandoxygendemandforthedegradationofpollutantsinthisexperimentwerecalculatedandtheirrelationshipwasalsoanalyzed.ResultsshowedthatthecapacityofoxygenreleasefromPhragmitesaustraliswasthehighest,followedbyTyphaorientalisandScirpuscrassipes.TherateofoxygenreleaseofPhragmitesaustralisfromperfreshplantmassandperunitwetlandsurfaceareafromwas3.36mgO2/(g·d)and4.35gO2/(m2·d),respectively.Aquaticplantsplayedanimportantroleintheremovalofpollutantsinconstructedwetlands.TheaverageremovalratesofCODrangedfrom3.46to3.77g/(m2·d),NH+4-Nfrom0.07to0.13g/(m2·d),TNfrom0.25to0.27g/(m2·d),TP0.09g/(m2·d),andallofthemwerehigherthanthecontrol.Thetotalamountofoxygenreleasefromplantedunitsrangedfrom0.48t