生活污水处理场主要湿地植物吸氮纳磷的生态功能_刘颖

江西农业大学学报2010,32(6):1291-1296http://xuebao.jxau.edu.cnActaAgriculturaeUniversitatisJiangxiensisE-mail:ndxb7775@sina.com生活污水处理场主要湿地植物吸氮纳磷的生态功能刘颖1,李虹2,袁平成3＊,胡小飞1,高勇生4(1.南昌大学生命科学与食品工程学院,江西南昌330031;2.江西省高等级公路管理局赣州管理处,江西赣州342500;3.江西农业大学园林与艺术学院,江西南昌330045;4.江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院,江西南昌330045)摘要:利用原位定点观测方法,研究梭鱼草、鸢尾、美人蕉、芦苇、菖蒲和香根草6种人工湿地植物的根、茎、叶氮、磷浓度及其化学计量的季节变化。结果表明:(1)6种植物体不同部分氮、磷浓度分别介于14～51mg/g和1.4～6.2mg/g,均具有较强的氮、磷吸收能力,除香根草外,其它植物地上部分氮、磷浓度均高于地下部分(P<0.05);(2)植物体单位面积根、茎和叶的氮、磷贮量与植物生物量呈正比,且地上部分高于地下部分,故收割植物地上部分是去除生活污水氮、磷含量的有效途径;(3)鸢尾叶片N∶P比值大于16,梭鱼草在14～16,其余小于14,且芦苇、菖蒲和香根草氮、磷贮量较高,故推荐后3种植物为该生活污水处理场的优先选择物种。关键词:污水处理;湿地植物;氮;磷;生态功能中图分类号:S714.2文献标志码:A文章编号:1000-2286(2010)06-1291-06TheEcologicalFunctionofNitrogenandPhosphorusAccumulationsforSixWetlandPlantsinDomesticSewageTreatmentPlantLIUYing1,LIHong2,YUANPing-cheng3＊,HUXiao-fei1,GAOYong-sheng4(1.CollegeofLifeSciencesandFoodEngineerings,NanchangUniversity,Nanchang330031,China;2.JiangxiHigh-gradeHighwayAdministrationBureau,Ganzhou342500,China;3.CollegeofLandscapeandArt,JAU,Nanchang330045,China;4.CollegeofLandResourcesandEnvironment,JAU,Nanchang330045,China)Abstract:SeasonalvariationsofNandPconcentrationsandN:Pratiosinroots,stemsandleaveswerestudiedonsixwetlandplantspeciesincludingPontederiacordata,Irisgermanica,Cannaindica,Phragmitascommunis,AcoruscalamusLinnandVetiveriazizanoidesusinginsituobservationmethod.Theresultsshowed:(1)TheNandPconcentrationsindifferentpartsofthesixplantspeciesarebetween14～51mg/gand1.4～6.2mg/g,respectively.AlltheselectedspecieshavestrongabilityofNandPaccumulation.TheNandPconcentrationsarehigherintheabovegroundpartthanintheundergroundpartexceptVetiveriazizanoides(P<0.05).(2)TheNandPstoragesperm2ofalltheplantsarepositivelyrelatedwiththeirbiomassandhigh-erintheabovegroundpartthanintheundergroundpart,whichindicatesthatitisaneffectivepathwaytore-moveNandPaccumulationswithharvestingtheplantabovegroundpartsindomesticsewage.(3)TheN∶Pra-tioofIrisgermanicaishigherthan16,theratioofPontederiacordataisisbetween14and16,whiletheratios收