有机废水过热近临界水氧化技术

科技导报2015，33（3）www.kjdb.org有机废水过热近临界水氧化技术有机废水过热近临界水氧化技术赵光明1，刘玉存1，柴涛1，王洪伟1，田江霞21.中北大学化工与环境学院，太原0300512.山西天和高清科技有限公司，太原030051摘要摘要根据超临界水氧化处理废水反应效率的影响机理，增加温度能明显促进反应速率，降低压力可以减小反应器壁厚、降低设备投资和运行成本、减缓腐蚀。通过实验研究了在水的过热近临界区域对废水氧化处理的可行性。选择焦化废水、青霉素废水、造纸厂废水、丙烯腈废水、TNT废水5种较难降解的典型有机废水进行净化处理实验。实验温度为420~530℃，压力为21~26MPa。实验结果表明：在恒压下随着温度增加，5种典型废水的化学需氧量（CODcr）净化率都迅速增加；在恒温下随着压力增加，5种典型废水的CODcr净化率只稍有上升；随着温度增加，不同压力下系统反应出水CODcr的差值和净化率的差值都在逐渐减小。在温度520~530℃，压力21MPa时5种典型废水净化后的CODcr值均小于200mg/L。通过对过热近临界水氧化技术的技术经济性分析，从工程实际考虑，对工业有机废水处理更适宜采用过热近临界水氧化技术，而不是超临界水氧化技术。关键词关键词有机废水处理；过热近临界水氧化；超临界水氧化中图分类号中图分类号X703.1文献标志码文献标志码Adoidoi10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2015.03.003Organicwastewatertreatmentbyusingsuperheatedandnear-criticalwateroxidationZHAOGuangming1,LIUYucun1,CHAITao1,WANGHongwei1,TIANJiangxia21.SchoolofChemicalandEnvironmentalEngineering,NorthUniversityofChina,Taiyuan030051,China2.ShanxiTianhegaoqingTechnologyCo.,Ltd.,Taiyuan030051,ChinaAbstractAbstractInthispaper,thefeasibilityofwastewateroxidationtreatmentinsuperheatednear-criticalregionofwaterisstudiedthroughexperiments.Fivekindsoftypicalindustrialorganicwastewaterwhicharedifficulttobiodegradearechosenforpurificationexperiments.Theyarecokingwastewater,penicillinwastewater,papermakingwastewater,acrylonitrilewastewaterandTNTwastewater,respectively.Thetemperatureoftheexperimentis420-530℃andthepressure21-26MPa.TheresultsshowthatataconstantpressuretheCODcrremovalratiosofthefivekindsofwastewaterareincreasingrapidlywithtemperatureincrease，whereasataconstanttemperaturetheCODcrremovalratiosareonlyslightlyincreasedasthepressureincreases.Additionally,thedifferencesofCODcrremovalratesandpurificationrateofwaterintheoutletofthesystematdifferentpressuresaregraduallyreducedasthetemperatureincreases.Underconditionsoftemperatureat520-530℃andpressureat21MPa,thepurifiedCODcrvaluesofthefivetypicalkindsofwastewaterarelessthan200mg/L,evenlessthan100mg/L.Throughatechnologicalandeconomicanalysis,itispointedoutthatconsideringtheengineeringpractice,thesuperheatedandnear-criticalw