垃圾焚烧发电厂建设争论的解决途径研究

第33卷EnvironmentalScience&Technology第33卷第12F期2010年12月Vol.33No.12FDec.2010垃圾焚烧发电厂建设争论的解决途径研究吕晓蕾（北京大学深圳研究生院深圳市循环经济重点实验室，广东深圳518055）摘要：随着我国城市化进程的加快、城市人口的增加和居民生活水平的提高，城市生活垃圾的产生量也急剧增加，垃圾围城形势严峻。文章从番禺垃圾焚烧发电厂建设引起的争论出发，分析总结了国内外垃圾分类回收经验和焚烧发电厂的运营现状，探寻采用垃圾焚烧方式处理垃圾的必备条件，从公共政策的角度考察政府与公众之间的博弈立场，探讨专家学者和社会舆论媒体各自的职责。研究结果表明：垃圾焚烧是一种经济有效的垃圾处理方式，其安全运行的必备前提条件是：科学公正透明的选址，合理的垃圾分类回收，先进的技术设备，专业的技术人员和完善的监督管理机制。在这场公共利益的博弈中，只有全社会各界联合起来，实行多方之间的良性互动和公共博弈，选择最合理的垃圾处理方式，才能达到有效解决我国垃圾问题和维护公众利益的纳什均衡，实现环境和谐。关键词：生活垃圾；焚烧发电厂；公共政策；纳什均衡中图分类号：X705文献标志码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1003-6504.2010.12F.173文章编号：1003-6504(2010)12F-0664-05ResearchontheSolutionoftheDebateontheConstructionofWaste-to-energyPlantLVXiao-lei（TheKeyLaboratoryforCyclicEconomicsinShenzhen,PekingUniversityShenzhenGraduateSchool,Guangdong,Shenzhen,518055）Abstract：Withtheaccelerationofurbanization,theincreaseofurbanpopulationandtheimprovementofpeople'slivingquality,thequantityofmunicipalsolidwaste(MSW)generatedhasbeendramaticallyincreasing,whichbringsaboutserioussituationofgarbagesiegeinthecity.Takingtheheatedargumentabouttheconstructionofwaste-to-energyplantinPanYuDistrictasastandpoint,theresearchsumsuptheexperienceofseparatecollectionandincinerationofMSWabroad.TheprerequisiteofwasteincinerationisalsodiscussedtodisposeofMSWinanenvironmentalfriendlyway.Simultaneously,fromtheperspectiveofpublicpolicy,thepaperstudiesthebothviewsofthegovernmentandthepublictofindaneffectivewaytoresolvetheseproblems.Moreover,therespectiveresponsibilitiesofmassmediaandexpertsarealsodiscussed.Theresultsshowwasteincinerationisacost-effectivemannerandthenecessaryprerequisitestosafeoperationaresuitablesiteselection,reasonablewasteseparationandrecovery,advancedtechnologyandequipment,professionalpersonnelandimprovedsupervisionandmanagementmechanism.Inthegameofpublicinterest,onlythewholecommunityjointtogether,wecanfindaneffectivewaytosolvetheproblemandkeeptheNashequilibriumbetweenthegovernmentandthepublictoachieveaharmonioussociety.Keywords：municipalsolidwaste(MSW);waste-to-energypla