典型规模化猪场地下水环境质量现状分析

122广东农业科学2015年第15期典型规模化猪场地下水环境质量现状分析李盟军，林科峰，姚建武，宁建凤，王荣辉，罗英健，艾绍英(1．广东省农科院农业资源与环境研究所／农业部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室／广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室，广东广州510640；2．广东省农业环保与农村能源总站，广东广州510500)摘要：选择典型规模化猪场，对猪场水井水质进行动态分析和监测。结果显示，猪场5个水井水体pH值、总氮浓度和粪大肠菌群数量分别为7．72～7．79、1．73～2．87mg／L、3．663×1055．257×10个，L，5个水井粪大肠菌群超标现象较为严重。两个典型水井的水质分析显示，硝酸盐氮和悬浮物均符合地下水I类水标准，亚硝酸盐氮含量均符合地下水Ⅲ类水标准。井水总氮和总磷含量分别为3．06～3．42mg／L和O．12～0．21mg／L。井水COD和BOD测定值变化表明井水含有一定浓度的有机污染物。氨氮和粪大肠菌群均处于严重超标状态。总体上，猪场地下水水质状况堪忧，主要污染物为氨氮和粪大肠菌群。关键词：规模化猪场；地下水；粪大肠菌群；氨氮中图分类号：X824文献标识码：A文章编号：1004—874X(2015)15—0122—05Analysisofgroundwaterqualityinatypicallarge-scaledpigfarmLIMeng~un。，LINKe-feng，YAOJian-wu，NINGJian-feng，WANGRong-hui，LU0Ying-jian，AIShao—ying(1．InstituteofAgriculturalResourcesandEnvironment，GuangdongAcademyofAgriculturalSciences／KeyLaboratoryofPlantNutritionandFertilizerinSouthRegion，MinistryofAgriculture~GuangdongKeyLaboratoryofNutrientCyclingandFarmlandConservation，Guangzhou510640，China；2．GuangdongMasterStationofAgricuhuralEnvironmentProtectionandRuralEnergy，Guangzhou510500，China)Abstract：Atypicallarge-scaledpigfarmwasselectedtomonitorthegroundwaterquality．TheresultsshowedthatpH，tota1nitrogenconcentrationandnumberoffecaleoliformswas7．72—7．79．1．73—2．87m【g／Land3．663×105-5．257X10，respectively，inthewateroffivewells，thenumberoffecalcoliformsexceededthestandardlevelofgroundwater．Furtherinvestigationsinwellwaterqualitywereconductedontwotypicalwells．ResultsshowedthattheconcentrationsofnitratenitrogenandtotalsolublesolidswerelowerthanclassIofwaterqualitystandard；thenitritecontentwaslowerthanclassmofwaterqualitystandard．Theconcentrationsoftotalnitrogenandtotalphosphoruswere3．06-3．42mg／Land0．12—0．21mg／L．respectively．ThewellwaterwaspollutedbysomeorganiccontaminantsasevincedbythevariationsofCODandBOD5．AmmonianitrogenandfecalcoliformswerepollutantsfoundinthewateroftwowellsandweremuchhigherthantheclassVofwaterqualitystandard．Insummary，thewaterqualityinthislarge—scaledpigfarmwaspoormainlybecauseoftheammoniumnitrogenandfecalcoliformscontamination．Keywords：large