山西省不同盆地改水降氟工程现状分析

书·论著·山西省不同盆地改水降氟工程现状分析李军，吴赵明，李鹏飞，荆玉兰，武敏山西省地方病防治研究所，山西临汾041000摘要:目的掌握山西省不同盆地改水降氟工程运行及使用现状，为加快地方性氟中毒防治工作提供科学依据。方法对5大盆地43个县地方性氟中毒病区进行改水工程调查，采用氟离子选择电极法检测水氟，SPSS17．0forwindows软件进行统计分析。结果本次共调查了5个盆地43个县(市、区)1436处降氟改水工程，改水工程类型中打井占97．70%(1403/1436)。正常运行的改水工程为1243个(占86．56%)，大同盆地改水工程报废率达到41．89%(31/74)。在1373处可运行工程中水氟＞1．0mg/L为765个(占55．72%)，不同盆地的降氟改水工程超标情况不同(H=33．22，P＜0．01)，大同盆地超标严重(P＜0．01)，超标率达88．37%(38/43)。结论除大同盆地外其他盆地改水降氟工程运行情况总体较好，不同盆地改水工程超标情况差异较大，今后应把大同盆地做为山西省地方性氟中毒防治工作的重点地区。关键词:饮水;氟化物中毒;改水中图分类号:Ｒ599．9文献标识码:A文章编号:1001－1889(2015)04－0241－02Statusofwater－improvinganddefluoridationprojectsindisparatebasinsofShanxiProvinceLIJun，WUZhao－ming，LIPeng－fei，JINGYu－lan，WUMinShanxiInstituteforPreventionandTreatmentofEndemicDisease，Linfen041000，ChinaAbstract:ObjectiveTomasterthepresentstatusofwater－improvinganddefluoridationprojectsindisparatebasinsofShanxiProvincesoastomakescientificandeffectivetacticsforthefurtherpreventionandcontrol．MethodsTheinvestigationpointswereselectedin43countiesof5basinswhereimplementthemeasuresofwater－improvinganddefluoridation．Thefluoridelevelsofwaterweredeterminedbyfluorineion－selectiveelectrode．ThedatawereanalyzedbySPSS17．0forwindows．ＲesultsTheprimarystatuswassurveyedin1436water－improvinganddefluoridationprojectsin43countiesof5basins．Theresourceofdrinkingwaterforwater－improvinganddefluoridationprojectswasmostlygroundwater(accountingfor97．70%)．Atotalof1243projectsworkedwell(accountingfor86．56%)，theabandonedprojectsaccountedfor41．89%(31/74)．Waterfluoridecontentof1373water－improvinganddefluoridationprojectshadbeendetermined，amongwhichwaterfluoridecontentof765projectswereabove1．0mg/L(accountingfor55．72%)．Statusofwaterfluoridecontentsabovenationalstandardwerevirousinthefivebasins(H=33．22，P＜0．01)．ItwasseriousinDatongbasinwherethewaterfluoridewasabovenationalstandard(P＜0．01)andtherationofdrinkingwaterfluoridelevelsabovethenationalstandardwas88．37%(38/43)．ConclusionThewater－im-provinganddefluoridationprojectsarebasicallyrunningnormallyexceptforDatongbasin．Theimprovin