曝气诱导内波破坏水库水温分层的机理
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2020-03-16 10:03:14
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中国环境科学2015,35(6):1847-1854ChinaEnvironmentalScience曝气诱导内波破坏水库水温分层的机理孙听,李丹,李选龙,解岳(西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西西安710055)摘要:采用自行设计的分层水库物理模型,在温度梯度分别为0.18--0.60~C/cm条件下,分析了曝气诱导内波破坏模型水库有限水体水温分层的过程,探究了跃温层下潜速度与内波特征参数的关系,揭示了内波破坏水温分层的机理.实验结果表明:分层水体完全混合之前,曝气诱导的内波一直存在于跃温层内部;内波波幅在跃温层中部较大、边缘较小.破坏分层期间,跃温层从初始位置逐渐下潜至底部时,下潜速度从O.24m/s逐渐减小到0.08m/s,但内波持续时间、周期、波幅分别约逐渐变大100%、200%和33%;同等条件下,跃温层下潜速度随着温度梯度的增加而减小;内波在模型水库有限分层水体横向传播过程中,并未发生破碎现象,内波主要依靠流体质点垂向的上下移动促使水体混合与海洋等开放水体中内波破碎导致水体混合的传统机理不同.关键词:内波;破坏分层;机理;温度梯度中图分类号:X524文献标识码:A文章编号:1000-6923(2015)06—1847-08Mechan~mofdestratificationbyaeration-inducedinternalwavesinareservoir.SUNXln,LIDan,LIXuan-long,XIEYue(SchoolofEnvironmentalandMunicipalEngineering,Xi’anUniversityofArchitectureandTechnology,Xi’an710055,China).ChinaEnvironmentalScience,2015,35(6):1847-1854Abstract:UndertemperaturegradientsofO.18-0.60~C/cm,usingaself-designedphysicalmodelreservoirwithathermallystratifiedstructurewasused,theprocessofdestratificationbyaeration-inducedinternalwaveswasexploredinthelimitedwaterofthemodelreservoir,therelationshipbetweenthefallingrateofthethermoclineandcharacteristicparametersofinternalwaveswasanalyzed,andthemechanismofdestratificationbyinternalwavesinlimitedfluidswasrevealed.Theexperimentalresultsshowedthatastheinternalwavesinducedbyaerationcouldbeobservedinthethermoclinebeforethewaterswerecompletelymixed,theamplitudesofinternalwaveswerehigherinthemiddleofthermoclineandshorterontheedgeofthermocline.Duringthedestratification,thethermoclinefellgraduallyfromitsoriginalpositiontothereservoirbottom,thefallingrategraduallydecreasedfrom0.24m/sto0.08m/s,butthedurationtimes,periodsandamplitudesofinternalwavesroughlyincreasedby100%、200%and33%respectively;undersimilarconditions,thefallingrateofthethermoclinealsodecreasedwiththeincreaseoftemperaturegradients.Theaeration-inducedintemalwaveswerenotbrokenduringitspropogationinthelimitedwatersofthemodelreservoir.Thisresultindicatedthatthemixinginlimitedstratifiedwatersismainlyachievedbytllealternanttransportofwaterpanicle
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