太湖不同湖区风浪的季节变化特征
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2020-03-16 10:03:16
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J.LakeSci.(湖泊科学),2016,28(1):217—224DOI10.18307/2016.0125◎2016byJournalofLakeSciences太湖不同湖区风浪的季节变化特征王震,吴挺峰,邹华,贾小网,黄列,梁朝荣,张志浩(1:江南大学环境与土木工程学院,无锡214122)(2:中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,南京210008)(3:江苏省水文水资源勘测局无锡分局,无锡214031)(4:河海大学水文水资源学院,南京210098)摘要:为明晰太湖风浪的空间分布及季节变化,在湖心区设立波浪观测站,利用其记录的波浪数据证明SWAN模型能够较好地模拟太湖风浪.基于所建模型,对2013年自然风场条件下太湖不同湖区风浪季节动态进行模拟分析,结果表明:受岸线、地形和岛屿等地理因素影响,大太湖的风浪总是最强,其有效波高均值为0.523m;而东太湖风浪最小,有效波高均值为0.305m.受盛行风场季节变化影响,太湖春、夏季有效波高均值明显大于秋、冬季.太湖波浪的能量主要来源于风场,其有效波高随风速增大而增大,两者呈极显著正相关.而风向则可以通过改变风区长度来影响风浪生消.在偏东风作用下,太湖湖西区的风浪大于东部湖区;而受盛行于冬季的偏北风影响,太湖南部水域风浪要大于北部.同时,太湖风浪的时空分布特征是造成太湖水质参数、沉积物和水生植物空间分布差异的重要原因之一.关键词:太湖分区;风浪;季节动态;空间分布;SWAN模型;水生植物ChangesinseasonalcharacteristicsofwindandwaveindiferentregionsofLakeTaihuWANGZhen,WUTingfeng,ZOUHua,ⅡAXiaowang,H【『ANGLie4,IIANGCb~aorong4&ZHANG~lJhao4(1:SchoolofEnvironmentandCivilEngineering,JiangnanUniversity,Wuxi214122,P.R.China)(2:StateKeyLaboratoryof妇ScienceandEnvironment,NanjingInstituteofGeographyandLimnology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Nanjing210008,P.R.China)(3:WuxiBranchofJiangsuProvinceHydrologyandWaterResourcelnvestigationBureau,Wuxi214031,P.R.China)(4:CollegeofHydrologyandWaterResources,HohaiUniversity,Nanjing210098,P.R.China)Abstract:TounderstandthespatialandtemporaldistributionofwindandwaveinLakeTaihu,waveobservatorywassetupinthecenteroflake.ItwasfoundthatSWANmodelcouldsimulatethewaveswellinLakeTaihubyusingthewavedatarecorded.Basedonthecalibratedmodel,wavesofdifferentseasonsinLakeTaihuweresimulatedunderthenaturalwindconditionsin2013.Theresuhsshowedthatduetoshoreline,topographyandislands,wavesinthelargeTaihuwateralwaysshowedthestrongestwiththemeansignificantwaveheightof0.523m,whilewavesineastLakeTaihuwerethesmallestwiththemeansignificantwaveheightof0.305m.Thevaluesofmeansignificantwaveheightwerehigherinspringandsummerthaninautumnandwinterbecauseofsea—sonalchanges.WaveenergyinLakeTaihuwasdrivenmainlybywind,leadingtothesignificantwaveheightincreasedwithwindspeed.Asignificantpositivecorrelationwasfoundbetweensignificantwaveheightand
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