两段SBR法去除有机物及短程硝化反硝化

两段SBR法去除有机物及短程硝化反硝化曾薇,彭永臻,王淑莹,张乃东(哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,哈尔滨150090,E-mail:zengwei1@263.net)摘要:采用两段SBR法处理有机物和氨氮含量较高的化工废水.一段反应器(SBR1)的反应过程处于好氧状态,主要去除大部分有机物;二段反应器(SBR2)先好氧,去除剩余有机物和硝化反应,并且控制硝化反应进程至亚硝酸型硝化结束.然后缺氧反硝化,反硝化以原水作为碳源.试验结果表明:两段SBR法可以增加二段污泥中硝化菌的含量,使具有不同作用的2大类微生物群体分别在各自的反应器内生存.在进一步降低出水COD的同时,避免高有机负荷对硝化反应的冲击,使碳氮比(C/N)不再成为脱氮系统的影响因素.因此,与单一SBR法相比,两段SBR法不仅提高处理效率,还能节约能耗及外加碳源的费用.关键词:两段SBR法;亚硝酸型硝化;反硝化中图分类号:X703.3文献标识码:A文章编号:0250-3301(2002)02-05-0050基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(59878016);黑龙江省自然科学基金资助项目作者简介:曾薇(1974～),女,博士生,主要从事污水生物处理及其自动控制的研究.收稿日期:2001-04-26;修订日期:2001-06-25UsingaTwo-stageSBRProcessforRemovalofOrganicsandNitrifica-tion-DenitrificationviaNitriteZengWei,PengYongzhen,WangShuying,ZhangNaidong(SchoolofMunicipalandEnvironmentalEngi-neering,HarbinInstituteofTechnology,Harbin150090,ChinaE-mail:zengwei1@263.net)Abstract:Highefficiencyremovaloforganicsandnitrogenbyusingatwo-stageSBRprocesswasintroducedinthispa-per.MostoforganicswasremovedinthefirststageSBRreactor(SBR1)undertheaerobiccondition.SubsequentlythesecondstageSBRreactor(SBR2)firstlyoperatedundertheaerabicconditionforsimultaneousnitrificationandremovalofasmallamountofresidualorganics.Nitrificationwascontrolledtothenitrite-typenitrification.ThendenitrificationhappenedinSBR2undertheanoxiccondition.Thepetrochemicalindustrywastewaterwasusedasexternalcarbonsourcesinthedenitrification.Theexperimentalresultsindicatedthatinatwo-stageSBRsystem,twokindsofbiomasswiththedifferentfunctionexistedinthedifferentreactors,whichwasbeneficialtoimprovethetreatmentefficiency.TheeffluentCODreducedagainbecauseSBR2removedCODwhichwasleftinSBR1effluent.Itresistedthedistur-banceofthehighorganicloadingtonitrification.Consequently,ascomparedtoasingleSBRprocess,atwo-stageSBRnotonlyimprovedthetreatmentefficiency,butalsosavedtheenergycost.Keywords:atwo-stageSBRprocess;nitrite-typenitrification;denitrification近年来,以SBR工艺为基础,陆续开发和应用了几种新型的SBR工艺.例如,膜法SBR[1],二级SBR系统[2],厌氧SBR[3,4],三级SBR系统[5]等等.SBR的一个显著特点就是可以在时间上灵活地控制好氧、缺氧和厌氧的环境条件,达到脱氮除磷的目的[6,7].因此,对于处理氮、磷浓度较高的废水,SBR已成