高岭土对畜禽废水中磷的净化效果及其费效分析

生态与农村环境学报2019，35（6）：795-800JournalofEcologyandRuralEnvironment高岭土对畜禽废水中磷的净化效果及其费效分析干方群1，徐子昊1，杨一帆1，秦品珠1，唐荣1，杭小帅2①（1.江苏开放大学/江苏城市职业学院环境与生态学院，江苏南京210017；2.生态环境部南京环境科学研究所，江苏南京210042）摘要：以高岭土为材料制备不同改性产品，用来吸附净化畜禽废水中的磷，并通过静态吸附和动态柱吸附试验分析其吸附净化磷的费用和效益。结果发现，不同改性处理均能提高高岭土对磷的吸附性能，但不同改性方法的效果仍存在一定的差异。针对盐酸改性，随着酸用量的增加，改性后高岭土对磷的吸附能力呈逐渐增加趋势。针对加热处理，当煅烧温度低于500℃时，高岭土对磷的吸附容量随着温度的升高逐渐增加，可提高3倍左右；而煅烧温度为500~600℃时，吸附量随着温度的升高基本保持不变，之后反而呈下降趋势。层状双氢氧化物改性高岭土对磷的吸附量也显著高于天然高岭土，且高于500℃热改性高岭土。但综合考虑改性成本、残留磷溶液浓度、吸附量、去除率等条件，在处理ρ（磷）为20mg·L-1的畜禽废水时，500℃热改性高岭土对磷吸附净化的效益比最高，约为1421mg·元-1。关键词：高岭土；磷；畜禽废水；吸附净化；费效分析中图分类号：X52；P579文献标志码：A文章编号：1673-4831（2019）06-0795-06PhosphateRemovalEfficiencyofKaolininLivestockandPoultryWastewaterandItsCost‑BenefitAnalysis.GANFang‑qun1，XUZi‑hao1，YANGYi‑fan1，QINPin‑zhu1，TANGRong1，HANGXiao‑shuai2①（1.CollegeofEnvironmentandEcology，JiangsuOpenUniversity/TheCityVocationalCollegeofJiangsu，Nanjing210017，China；2.NanjingInstituteofEnvironmentalSciences，MinistryofEcologyandEnvironment，Nanjing210042，China）Abstract：Theabilityandpurificationefficiencyofdifferentmodifiedkaolinsforphosphateadsorptioninlivestockandpoultrywastewaterweredetected.Batchadsorptionexperimentanddynamiccolumnadsorptionexperimentwereusedtoevaluatethecost⁃benefitofkaolinusedinthepurificationofphosphate⁃containinglivestockandpoultrywastewater.Theresultsshowthatdifferentmodificationtreatmentscouldsignificantlyimprovetheadsorptionperformanceofkaolinonphosphate，buttherearesomedifferencesbetweenthedifferentmodificationmethods.Forhydrochloricacidmodifica⁃tion，withtheincreaseofaciddosage，theadsorptioncapacityofmodifiedkaolintophosphatehasgraduallyincreased.Whentheheatingtemperaturewaslowerthan500℃，theadsorptionperformanceofkaolinincreasedgraduallywiththetemperature，andcouldbeincreasedbyabout3times.Whenthecalcinationtemperaturewas500~600℃，theadsorp⁃tioncapacitykeptnochangewiththeincreaseoftemperature，thenwhenthetemperaturewashigherthan600℃，itshowedadownwardtrend.Thesaturationadsorptionofphosphateonlayereddoublehydroxide⁃modifiedkaolini