巢湖底栖动物分布特征及对蓝藻暴发聚集地的响应研究

收稿日期:2016－01－07;修回日期:2016－01－29基金项目:国家自然科学基金(41172121);安徽省自然科学基金青年项目(1608085QB45)作者简介:蒋更可，硕士研究生，研究方向为水污染防治，E-mail:1049707370@qq．com;通信作者:李玉成，博士，教授，主要研究方向为环境生物地球化学等，E-mail:li－yucheng@163．com。doi∶10．3969/j.issn.2095－1736．2016.02.008巢湖底栖动物分布特征及对蓝藻暴发聚集地的响应研究蒋更可，李玉成，江江，王宁，张学胜(安徽大学资源与环境工程学院，合肥230601)摘要采用野外调查和实验室分析的方法，对近年来巢湖水华暴发状况和巢湖底栖动物的时空分布进行对比分析，结果显示:西半湖的蓝藻水华暴发频率远大于东半湖，位于南淝河口巢湖西北部位是蓝藻暴发聚集区，向东不断减小。底栖动物呈现东半湖较西半湖多，而蚬类较少，螺类变多，这种分布特征与水华暴发造成生态破坏有关。2014年的巢湖采样调查结果反映出西半湖底栖动物与水华暴发频率分布呈一定的反相关，东半湖由于其水华暴发频率低且与底栖动物分布无明显的相关性。近年来巢湖治理力度加大，水质有所改观，但是底栖动物分布表明水生生态环境未有显著改观，应加大巢湖生态环境治理力度。关键词巢湖水华;底栖动物;时空分布;水生生态环境;治理效果中图分类号Q178．51文献标识码A文章编号2095－1736(2016)02－0008－05DistributioncharacteristicsofmacrozoobenthoanditsresponsetothealgalbloominChaohuLakeJIANGGeng-ke，LIYu-cheng，JIANGJiang，WANGNing，ZHANGXue-sheng(SchoolofＲesourcesandEnvironmentalEngineering，AnhuiUniversity，Hefei230601，China)AbstractUsingfieldsurveyandlaboratoryanalysismethods，therecentalgaeoutbreakstatusandmacrozoobenthos'spatial-temporaldistributioninChaohuLakewereinvestigated．ＲesultsshowedthatthealgaloutbreakfrequencyintheWestern-halflakeisgreaterthanthatintheEast-halfLake．TheaccumulationandhighincidenceareaofbluealgalbloomislocatedintheSouthFeiheＲiverestuaryin-toChaohuLakeandthealgalbloomfrequencydecreasedfromwesttoeastinthisarea．TheamountsofmacrozoobenthointheEastern-halflakeishigherthanthatintheWestern-halfLake，andthenumberofflumineasandthenumberofbellamyasp．weredecreased．ItwasspeculatedthatthedistributionpatternofmacrozoobenthoinChaohuLakewasrelatedtothebloomofalgal，whichledtothedam-ageofthelakeeco-environment．Theresultofasamplingsurveyconductedin2014indicatedthatanegativecorrelationexistedbe-tweentheamountsofmacrozoobenthointheWestern-halflakeandthealgalbloomfrequency．ThealgalbloomfrequencyintheEast-ern-halflakewaslow．Therewasnoobviouscorrelationbetweenthisfrequencyandthebenthicfaunadistribution．WithmoreandmoreeffortsmadetocontrolChaohuLakepollution，thewaterqualityofChaohuLakehasimprovedinrecentyears．However，thedistribu-tionchara