一种管道泄漏检测系统设计

第38卷第2期2017年2月白动化仪表PROCESSAUTOMATIONINSTRUMENTATIONVol.38No.2Feb.2017一种管道泄漏检测系统设计越春平\李志华2,赖华2,李亚斌3(1.大理大学工程学院，云南大理671000;2.昆明理工大学信息与自动化学院，云南昆明650093;3.昆明物理研究所能源物业分公司，云南昆明650093)摘要：为了能够实时、低成本地检测城市供水管网的非正常泄漏情况，设计了一种基于光时域反射仪(0TDR)的新型分布式光纤传感器网络。该网络系统主要由遇水膨胀橡胶颗粒、光纤、0TDR等组成。橡胶颗粒因吸收管道泄漏的水而膨胀，导致传感光纤发生宏弯曲。光纤宏弯曲效应引起传播光线的瑞利散射突变，0TDR通过检测这种突变来判断管道是否发生泄漏，并计算泄漏点到探测器的距离。试验结果表明，这种分布式光纤传感器网络灵敏度高、实时性好;一旦管道发生泄漏，0TDR就可以立即检测到，并计算出泄漏点的位置。该系统不仅适应性好，能布放在已有的各种供水管道系统中，而且具有良好的开放性;其拓扑结构能够随所需检测的管网变化，0TDR可以随技术进步不断升级。关键词：供水系统；检测；传感器；光纤；光时域反射仪；节能降耗中图分类号：TH81;TP216.1文献标志码：AD0I：10.16086/j.cnki.issn1000-0380.201702026DesignofaPipelineLeakageDetectionSystemZHAOChunping1，LIZhihua2，LAIHua2，LIYabin3(1.FacultyofEngineering,DaliUniversity,Dali671000,China；2.FacultyofInformationEngineeringandAutomation,KunmingUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Kunming650093,China；3.EnergyandPropertyDivision,KunmingInstituteofPhysics,Kunming650093,China)Abstract：Inordertoachievereal-timeandlow-costdetectionforabnormalleakageofurbanwatersupplynetwork,anewtypeofdistributedopticalfibersensornetworkbasedonopticaltime-domainreflectometer(OTDR)isdesigned.Thenetworksystemismainlycomposedofthehardwareofwaterswellingrubberparticles,opticalfiberandOTDRdetector.Therubberparticlesswellduetoabsorbleakingwaterfromthepipeline,andtheenlargementoftherubberparticlescausesthesensingopticalfibertoformmacro-bending.Themacro-bendingeffectcausesmutationofRayleighscatteringofthepropagationlight,theOTDRdetectsthemutationtojudgetheleakageofthepipelineandcalculatethedistancefromtheleakingpointtothedetector.Thetestresultsshowthatthedistributedopticalfibersensornetworkfeatureshighsensitivity,andgoodreal-timeperformance.Oncepipelineleaks,OTDRcanimmediatelydetecttheleakageandcalculatethelocationofleakage.Thesystemhassogoodadaptabilitythatitcanbearrangedinvariousexistingwatersupplypipingsystems;andoffersgoodperformanceofanopensystem.Itstopologicstructurecanbechangedbasedonthenetworktested,andtheOTDRcanalsobeupgradedalongwithprogressoftechnologies.Keywords：Wat