北京地区人工湿地植物活力及污染物去除能力

北京地区人工湿地植物活力及污染物去除能力＊王庆海1,2段留生1＊＊武菊英2阳娟3(1中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094;2北京市农林科学院北京草业与环境研究发展中心,北京100097;3华中农业大学植物科技学院,武汉430070)摘要研究了北京地区常见9种水生植物在水平流潜流型人工湿地中的污染物去除能力和生活力.结果表明,前边湿地单元对COD、TP、TN等污染物的去除贡献大于后边湿地单元.供试植物均可在人工湿地中正常生长,稳定生长112d后,不同植物的氮磷含量和生物量差异显著(P<0.05),多数植物氮磷含量地下部高于地上部,地下地上部生物量比(U/A)接近或大于1.植物体内的氮磷累积量为1.36～7.89g·m-2和0.19～1.07g·m-2.植物生物量对氮磷累积量的影响力大于氮磷含量对氮磷累积量的影响力.水生鸢尾应为北京地区首选人工湿地植物,菖蒲、香蒲和荻等次之.泽泻和芦竹在人工湿地中不能越冬成活.关键词人工湿地水生植物去氮除磷生活力北京地区文章编号1001-9332(2008)05-1131-07中图分类号Q948文献标识码AGrowthvitalityandpollutants-removalabilityofplantsinconstructedwetlandinBeijingre-gion.WANGQing-hai1,2,DUANLiu-sheng1,WUJu-ying2,YANGJuan3(1CollegeofAgricultureandBiotechnology,ChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Beijing100094,China;2BeijingResearch＆De-velopmentCenterforGrassandEnvironment,BeijingAcademyofAgricultureandForestrySciences,Beijing10097,China;3CollegeofPlantScienceandTechnology,HuazhongAgriculturalUniversity,Wuhan430070,China).-Chin.J.Appl.Ecol.,2008,19(5):1131-1137.Abstract:NineaquaticplantspeciescommonlyfoundinnorthernChinaweretransplantedinahor-izontalsubsurfaceflowconstructedwetlandinBeijingregiontostudytheirgrowthvitalityinthewet-landandtheirremovalabilitytothepollutantsindomesticsewage.Theresultsshowedthatthewet-land'sfrontunithadgreatercontributiontotheCOD,TNandTPremovalthantherearones,andalltestplantspeciescouldgrowwellinthewetland.Aftergrowingfor112days,differentplantspe-cieshadsignificantdifferencesintheirNandPcontentsandtotalbiomass(P<0.05).Formostspecies,theNandPcontentswerehigherinundergroundthaninabovegroundpart,andthebio-massratioofunder-/abovegroundpart(U/A)wasclosetoorexceeded1.TheaccumulatedNandPintheplantsrangedfrom1.36to7.89g·m-2andfrom0.19to1.07g·m-2,respectively,andtheNandPaccumulationinplantsweremoreaffectedbyplantbiomassthanbyitsNandPcontents.Amongthetestplantspecies,Irispseudacorusrankedthefirstinsettinguptheconstruc-tedwetland,followedbyTyphaangustifolia,Acoruscalamus,andTriarrhenasacchariflora,where-asAlismaplantago-aquaticaandArundodonaxwerenotrecommendedduetothe