人工湿地基质磷吸附特性与其物理化学性质的关系_崔理华

中国环境科学2007,27(2)：250~254ChinaEnvironmentalScience人工湿地基质磷吸附特性与其物理化学性质的关系崔理华*,朱夕珍,骆世明(华南农业大学环境科学与工程系,广东广州510642)摘要：对9种垂直流人工湿地基质进行了对磷的等温吸附试验.结果表明,在溶液磷浓度为100~500mg/L条件下,9种基质中以草炭的吸附量为最高,达到2439.56mg/kg;砾石的吸附量最低,仅为188.67mg/kg;其余基质表现出高炉渣土＞高炉渣＞煤灰渣土＞耕层土＞煤灰渣＞中粗砂土＞中粗砂的规律.供试基质的容重和密度与磷吸附量呈极显著性负相关关系;基质的颗粒直径D80和不均匀系数K80与磷吸附量呈显著性正相关关系.基质的CEC、有机质、有效Fe和交换性Al的含量与磷吸附量呈极显著性正相关关系;pH值与磷吸附量呈极显著性负相关关系.关键词：人工湿地；磷；基质；吸附；物理-化学特性中图分类号：X703.1文献标识码：A文章编号：1000-6923(2007)02-0250-05Therelationshipbetweenconstructedwetlandsubstratephosphorousadsorptioncharacteranditsphysico-chemicalproperties.CUILi-hua*,ZHUXi-zhen,LUOShi-ming(DepartmentofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,SouthChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Guangzhou510642,China).ChinaEnvironmentalScience,2007,27(2)：250~254Abstract：Theisothermaladsorptiontestwascarriedoutin9kindsofvertical-flowconstructedwetlandsubstratesundertheconditionof100~500mg/LofsolutionPconcentration.Adsorptiveamountofgrasscarboninthesesubstrateswasthehighest,reaching2439.56mg/kg,thelowestwasthatofgravel,only188.67mg/kg;therestofsubstratesexpressedtheruleofslagsoiloffurnace>slagoffurnace>slagsoilofcoalburn>collimatedlayersoil>coalburnslag>sandsoilofmid-sized>mid-sizedsand.Thevolumetricgravityandthespecificgravityofthesuppliedsubstrateshadverymarkednegativecorrelationwiththeamountofphosphateadsorption,buttheparticlediameter(D80)anduniformitycoefficient(K80)showedmarkedpositivecorrelationwiththeamountofphosphateadsorption.ThecontentsofCEC,organicmatter,effectiveironandexchangeablealuminumofsubstrateexpressedverymarkedpositivecorrelation.pHvalueshowedverysignificantnegativecorrelationwiththeamountofphosphateadsorption.Keywords：artificialwetland；phosphorus；substrate；adsorption；physico-chemicalcharacter人工湿地中磷的固定是通过基质吸附、化学沉淀、细菌活动、植物和藻类摄取以及与有机质结合发生的.目前被用于人工湿地除磷的特殊基质是浮石,石英岩,活性多孔介质(LECA),硅灰石,页岩,矾土和工业废弃物如高炉渣和飞灰等[1-2].而基质对磷吸附能力则取决于材料的物理和化学特性[3].除Fe、Al和Ca含量以外,基质的Eh、pH值和吸附表面积控制着磷的吸附速率[4-5].基质的物理性质如容重,孔隙度和导水率与磷的吸附量有关[6].袁东海等[7-8]研究了砂子、沸石、蛭石、黄褐土、下蜀黄土、粉煤灰和矿渣7种基质对磷的吸附特性与解吸特性.本研究考察了9种基质的物理和化学性质与磷吸