微网生物动态膜过滤性能的研究_范彬

微网生物动态膜过滤性能的研究范彬1,黄霞1,文湘华1,于妍2(1.清华大学环境科学与工程系,北京100084;2.中国矿业大学(北京校区)化学与环境工程系,北京100083)摘要:采用普通微网材料加工的过滤组件与生物反应器一起构成动态膜-生物反应器,研究了微网上所形成的生物动态膜的过滤性能.生物动态膜所具有的较强截留能力主要是由附着的凝胶层产生.动态膜对相对分子质量<3×103至>1×105的各个级别的溶解性有机物都有30%～60%的截留率,但过滤的精度并不很高,不能完全截留相对分子质量大于1×105的溶解性有机物.已经覆盖有凝胶层的膜片与未使用过的新膜片的清水过滤阻力几乎相等,约为1.9×109m-1.由滤饼产生的过滤阻力占运行中动态膜片总过滤阻力的绝大部分.新膜片在清水通过时有明显的初始阻力,而有凝胶层覆盖时的膜片几乎没有初始过滤阻力.关键词:生物动态膜;有机物截留;分子量分布;过滤阻力中图分类号:X703.3文献标识码:A文章编号:0250-3301(2003)01-07-0091基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(50178039)作者简介:范彬(1969～),男,博士.收稿日期:2002-01-16;修订日期:2002-05-08FiltrationCapabilityoftheBio-DynamicMembraneFanBin1,HuangXia1,WenXianghua1,YuYan2(1.Dept.ofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,Ts-inghuaUniversity,Beijing100084,China;2.Dept.ofChemicalandEnvironmentalEngineering,ChinaUniversityofMiningTechnology(BeijingSchool),Beijing100083,China)Abstract:Thefiltermodulesmadeofcommonmeshmaterialweresubmergedintoabioreactortoformadynamic-mem-branebioreactor.Thispaperstudiedthefiltrationcapabilityofthedynamicbio-membraneformingon100-micronDacronmeshmaterial.Theoutstandingsolid-liquidseparationcapabilityofthedynamicbio-membranewasmainlycon-tributedtothegel-layerattachingonthemeshmaterial.Thedynamicbio-membranecouldchecked30%～60%TOCofvariousmoleculeweightsranging<3000to>105,whereasitsseparationaccuracywasnothighenoughtointerceptalltheorganicsofmoleculesweightslargerthan105.Thetapwaterfiltrationresistanceofthedynamicbio-membranesheetwithgel-layerattachingonwasabout1.9×109m-1,whichalmostequaledtothatoftheuntappedsheet.Theresis-tancecausedbycake-layercontributedabout70%tothetotalfiltrationresistanceofthedynamicbio-membraneonworking.Theuntappeddynamicbio-membranesheetshowedaninitialresistancetotapwaterpermeation,buttheonewithgel-layerattachingonhadlittleinitialresistance.Thereasonmightbethatthegel-layereliminatedthehydropho-bicityofthemeshmaterialKeywords:bio-dynamicmembrane;rejectiontoorganics;moleculeweightdistribution;filtrationresistance膜-生物反应器(membranebioreactor,MBR)是膜分离与生物反应器相组合的一种污水处理新工艺.但迄今为止,还鲜见MBR工艺在大型污水处理中应用的实例.原