江苏省饮用水水源地突发环境事件分析及对策建议
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2020-03-23 09:21:04
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江苏省饮用水水源地突发环境事件分析及对策建议华娟(江苏省环境应急与事故调查中心,江苏南京210036)摘要:分析了近年来江苏省几起典型的饮用水水源地突发环境事件及其特点,指出,结构性、布局性突发环境事件风险突出,交通运输带来的环境风险仍在凸显,企业非法排污产生的环境风险不小,饮用水水源地监测预警手段不足,联合治水模式尚未形成,流域性环境风险防控机制尚未建立。提出,应开展饮用水水源地突发环境事件风险评估,健全突发环境事件监控预警网络,健全饮用水水源地突发环境事件联防联控机制,加强饮用水水源地突发环境事件应急处置技术研究,加快产业机构调整和备用水源地建设。关键词:饮用水水源地;突发环境事件;江苏中图分类号:X507文献标志码:C文章编号:1674-6732(2015)03-0008-03AnalysisandSuggestionsforUnexpectedEnvironmentalAccidentsofDrinkingWaterSourceintheJiangsuProvinceHUAJuan(JiangsuEnvironmentalEmergencyandAccidentInvestigationCenter,Nanjing,Jiangsu210036,China)Abstract:Inthispaper,weanalyzedthecharacteristicsofsomerepresentativeaccidentsofdrinkingwatersourceinJiangsu.Itwaspointedoutthattheaccidentriskfromstructureandlayoutwashighlighted,aswellastheenvironmentalriskfromtransportation.Theillegalemissionofcompanyalsocouldcausetheunexpectedaccidentseasily.Therewasnotenoughmeansofmonitoringandearlywarningforthedrinkingwatersource.Themodeofcombinedwatercontrolwasnotestablisheduntilnow,thesameascontrolmechanismofwatershedenvironmentalriskwas.Theriskassessmentforunexpectedenvironmentalaccidentsofdrinkingwatersourceshouldbedeveloped.Themonitoringandearlywarningnetworkshouldbeimproved,andthepreventionandcontrolmecha-nismshouldbeimprovedtoo.Thetechniqueofemergencytreatmentintheaccidentshouldbeinvestigated.Atthesametime,weshouldacceleratetheadjustmentofindustrialstructureandtheconstructionofbackupwatersource.theaccidentsandsummarizedthereasons.Wesuggestthatweshouldimproveandperfecttheriskpreventionsystem,straightenoutthedutyofrelateddepart-ments,enhancetheengineeringabilitytoresponsetheincidentdrinkingwaterpollution,strengthentheabilityforco-preventionofdifferentareas.Keywords:Drinkingwatersource;Unexpectedenvironmentalaccidents;Jiangsu收稿日期:2014-11-14;修订日期:2015-04-09作者简介:华娟(1981—),女,工程师,硕士,从事环境应急管理工作。近年来,随着全国范围内饮用水水源地突发环境事件的频繁发生,防范饮用水水源地突发环境事件逐渐成为党和人民高度关注的民生保障工作。江苏境内河网密布,绝大部分饮用水水源地的取水来自于长江、淮河和太湖流域,其中长江水质的安全更是关系到全省几乎2/3人口的饮水安全。一旦发生饮用水水源地突发环境事件,极有可能引发较大的社会影响和环境影响。现总结了当前江苏省饮用水水源地突发环境事件的类型与特点,分析了其安全保障工作面临的压力
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