输水系统中污损生物沼蛤的氧化剂灭杀技术研究
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2020-03-23 09:21:48
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文章编号:1007-2284(2016)05-0017-06输水系统中污损生物沼蛤的氧化剂灭杀技术研究魏小熙1,2,杨正健2,刘德富1,2,谭纤茹2(1.湖北工业大学,武汉430068;2.河湖生态修复与藻类利用湖北省重点实验室,武汉430068)摘要:近年来,我国南方输水工程常受沼蛤(limnopernafortunei)生物污损的危害。沼蛤是一种污损性入侵生物,入侵输水工程后聚团附着于输水系统表面可腐蚀附着面、降低管道过流能力、污染水质等。以沼蛤防治为目的研究二氧化氯(ClO2)、氯胺T(C7H7ClNNaO2S·3(H2O))、高锰酸钾(KMnO4)、次氯酸钠(NaClO)和过氧化氢(H2O2)5种水处理常用氧化剂对沼蛤的杀灭效果及足丝溶解特性,以得出基于化学氧化剂的沼蛤防治措施。结果表明:次氯酸钠为5种氧化剂中灭杀沼蛤的最佳试剂,死亡率随次氯酸钠投加浓度增加而增大,但次氯酸钠投加浓度大于20mg/L时水体中pH等环境条件受到较大影响,依据水体中有效氯衰减规律及灭杀效果,次氯酸钠作为沼蛤杀灭剂初始投加的有效氯浓度宜为10.0~20.0mg/L。关键词:沼蛤;输水系统;生物污损;沼蛤防治;次氯酸钠中图分类号:TV67文献标识码:AResearchontheTechnologyofExterminatingtheDefacingOrganismsLimnopernaFortuneibyOxidantinWaterDeliverySystemsWEIXiao-xi1,2,YANGZheng-jian2,LIUDe-fu1,2,TANQian-ru2(1.HubeiUniversityofTechnology,Wuhan430068,China;2.EcologicalRestorationofLakesandAlgaeUseofHubeiProvinceKeyLaboratory,HubeiUniversityofTechnology,Wuhan430068,China)Abstract:Inrecentyears,waterprojectinSouthChinaisoftenaffectedbythedefacinghazardsoflimnopernafortunei,whichisakindofdefacementofinvasivespecies.Limnopernafortuneiattachestogethertothesurfaceofthewaterdeliverysystemwhentheyinvadethewaterconveyanceproject,whichcancorrodetheadhesionsurface,reducethecapacityofpipelineflow,pollutethewateretc.Forthepurposeofpreventionoflimnopernafortunei,westudythechlorinedioxide(ClO2),chloramine-T(C7H7ClNNaO2S·3(H2O),potassiumpermanganate(KMnO4),sodiumhypochlorite(NaClO)andhydrogenperoxide(H2O2),thefivekindsofcom-monlyusedwatertreatmentoxidantontheeliminationeffectandbyssusdissolutioncharacteristicsoflimnopernafortunei,inordertogetitspreventionandcontrolmeasuresbasedonthechemicaloxidants.Fromtheexperimentwecangetthefollowingconclusions.Sodiumhypochloriteisthebestreagentofthefiveoxidantstokilllimnopernafortunei,andwiththeincreaseintheinitialactivechlo-rineconcentration,themortalityrateoflimnopernafortuneiincreases.However,whentheinitialactivechlorineconcentrationisgreaterthan20.0mg/L,pHandotherenvironmentalconditionsinwaterisseverelyaffected.Bytheattenuationruleoftheresidualchlorineinwateranditskillingef
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