花卉秸秆和牛粪联合堆肥的中试研究
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2020-03-25 11:06:51
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文章编号:0253-2468(2003)03-0360-05中图分类号:X523文献标识码:A花卉秸秆和牛粪联合堆肥的中试研究张相锋,王洪涛,周辉宇,张义安,聂永丰(清华大学环境科学与工程系,北京100084)摘要:以花卉废物和牛粪为原料,进行了温度反馈的通气量控制联合堆肥的中试研究.一次发酵采用静态好氧床进行,过程控制采用温度反馈通气量控制方法,周期20天;二次腐熟采用周期性翻堆,周期40天.试验分析了堆肥过程中堆体温度、水分、pH值、有机质、湿重、干重、体积、湿容重、干容重等指标随时间的变化特征,结果表明:采用温度反馈通气量控制的静态好氧堆肥技术进行花卉废物和牛粪的联合堆肥可以有效控制堆肥过程,实现有机物料的快速稳定和去除水分.关键词:花卉秸秆;牛粪;联合堆肥;温度反馈通气量控制Co-compostingofflowerwasteandcattlemanureinpilotscaleZHANGXiangfeng,WANGHongtao,ZHOUHuiyu,ZHANGYian,NIEYongfeng(Dept.ofEnvironmentaiScienceandEngineering,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084)Abstract:Co-compostingoffiowerwasteandcattiemanurewerestudiedinpiiotscaie.Thefirststageisaerobicstaticbedofcompostingbasedontemperaturefeedbackandcontroiviaaerationratereguiation,whichiastedfor20dthesecondstageiswindowcomposting,ofabout40d.Changesoftemperature,watercontent,pH,organicmatter,wetweigh,dryweigh,voiume,wetbuikdensityanddrywetdensitywerestudied.Resuitsshowedthatco-compostingoffiowerwasteandcattiemanure,usingaerobicstaticbedbasedtemperaturefeedbackandcontroiviaaerationratereguiation,couidstabiiizeorganicmatterandremovaiwaterrapidiy.Atfirststage,thepiiewasinsuiatedandtemperaturof55Corabovewasmaintainedfor10d.Thehighesttemperaturewasupto69C.Whichwashigh-enoughtokiiipathogens.duringtheprocessofcomposting,watercontentofpiiedecreasedfrom70%to32.4%.Theaccumuiatedremovaiofwaterisabout87.4%.Organicmatterwasdegradetedfrom73%to57%.Theaccumuiateddegradationoforganicmatterwasabout87.4%.Thedecreasesofwetweigh,dryweighandvoiumeofpiiewereabout72.7%,38.7%and55%.ThevaiueofpHincreasedtoabout8.0guickiyatthebeginningandwaskepttiiitheendoffirststage.Itreturnedtoabout7attheendofsecondstage.Keywords:fiowerwaste;cattiemanure;co-composting;temperaturefeedbackandcontroiviaaerationratereguiation收稿日期:2002-05-23;修订日期:2002-06-24基金项目:国家重大科技攻关专项(K99-05-35-02)资助作者简介:张相锋(1973—),男,博士研究生随着我国农业经济的发展和城乡居民生活水平的提高,产生了越来越多的花卉秸秆和牲畜粪便等有机固体废物,对环境造成了越来越大的压力.有效控制和解决花卉秸秆及牲畜粪便的污染问题的呼声越来越高.堆肥作为一种有效的有机废物资源化技术正在引起人们的兴趣,并进行了大量的研究,涉及堆肥过程中物理、化学和生物学性质的变化,堆肥工艺与过程控制,堆肥数值模拟等各个方面[1—4].大多将作物秸
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